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Ahmed Nisar (చర్చ | రచనలు) కొత్త పేజీ |
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పంక్తి 1:
[[File:Dongxiang minority student.jpg|thumb|[[Dongxiang people|Dongxiang]] Muslim students in [[China]]]]
{{ఇస్లాం}}
'''ముస్లిం''', కొన్నిసార్లు '''మొస్లెం ''',<ref>'''thefreedictionary.com''': ''[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Muslim muslim]''</ref> అనీ పలుకుతారు. ముస్లిం అనగా [[ఇస్లాం]] మతాన్ని అవలంబించేవాడు. ఇస్లాం మతం [[ఏకేశ్వరోపాసన]] ను అవలంబించే [[ఇబ్రాహీ మతములు|ఇబ్రాహీం మతము]] ను ఆధారంగా చేసుకుని [[ఖురాన్]] గ్రంధములో చెప్పబడినటువంటి విషయాలను పాటిస్తూ జీవనం సాగించేవారు. ఖురాన్ ను ముస్లిం [[అల్లాహ్]] (పరమేశ్వరుడు) వాక్కుగా భావిస్తారు. is an adherent of [[Islam]], a [[monotheistic]] [[Abrahamic religions|Abrahamic religion]] based on the [[Quran]]. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam|God]] as revealed to [[Prophets of Islam|prophet]] [[Muhammad]]. They also follow the [[sunnah|teachings and practices of Muhammad]] as recorded in traditional accounts called ''[[hadith]]''.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Qurʼan and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vzx8HlsGnTcC&pg=PR21|accessdate=31 August 2013|year=2007|publisher=SkyLight Paths Publishing|isbn=978-1-59473-222-5|pages=21–}}</ref> "Muslim" is an Arabic word meaning "one who submits to God". A female Muslim is sometimes called a "Muslimah".
Muslims believe that God ({{lang-ar|{{large|الله}}}} ''[[Allāh|{{transl|ar|ALA|Allāh}}]]'') is eternal, transcendent and absolutely one ([[tawhid|monotheism]]). They hold that God is incomparable, self-sustaining and neither begets nor was begotten. They also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that has been revealed before through many [[Prophets in Islam|prophets]] including [[Islamic view of Abraham|Abraham]], [[Islamic view of Moses|Moses]], [[Ishmael]] and [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]].<ref name="People-of-the-Book" /> Muslims also believe that these previous messages and revelations have been partially [[Tahrif|changed or corrupted]] over time<ref name="Distorted" /> and that the Qur'an is the final unaltered revelation from God (The Final Testament).<ref>Submission.org, Quran: The Final Testament, Authorized English Version with Arabic Text, Revised Edition IV,ISBN 0-9729209-2-7, p. x.</ref>
Most Muslims accept as a Muslim anyone who has publicly pronounced the ''[[Shahadah]]'' (declaration of faith) which states:
<blockquote>I testify that there is no god except for the God, and I testify that Muhammad is the [[Rasul|Messenger of God]].</blockquote>
The religious practices of Muslims are enumerated in the [[Five Pillars of Islam]], which, in addition to Shahadah, consist of daily prayers ([[salat]]), fasting during [[Ramadan]] ([[sawm]]), almsgiving ([[zakat]]), and the pilgrimage to [[Mecca]] ([[hajj]]) at least once in a lifetime.<ref name="WSU" /><ref name="CIA" />
==Etymology==
{{see also|Islam#Etymology and meaning}}
The word ''muslim'' ({{lang-ar|مسلم}}, {{IPA-ar|ˈmʊslɪm|IPA}}; {{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|m|ʌ|z|l|ɨ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|z|l|ɨ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|s|l|ɨ|m}} or ''moslem'' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|z|l|ə|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|s|l|ə|m}}<ref name="muslim pron" />) is the [[participle]] of the same verb of which ''islām'' is the [[infinitive]], based on the [[triliteral]] ''[[S-L-M]]'' "to be whole, intact".<ref>Burns & Ralph, ''World Civilizations'', 5th ed., p. 371.</ref><ref>Entry for ''šlm'', p. 2067, Appendix B: Semitic Roots, ''The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language'', 4th ed., Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ISBN 0-618-08230-1.</ref> A female adherent is a ''muslima'' ({{lang-ar|مسلمة}}). The plural form in Arabic is ''muslimūn'' ({{lang|ar|مسلمون}}), and its feminine equivalent is ''muslimāt'' ({{lang|ar|مسلمات}}). The Arabic form ''muslimun'' is the stem IV [[Arabic grammar#Participle|participle]]<ref>also known as "infinitive", ''cf.'' Burns & Ralph, ''World Civilizations'', 5th ed., p. 371</ref> of the triliteral ''S-L-M''.
==Other words for ''Muslim''==
The ordinary word in English is "Muslim". It is sometimes [[transliteration|transliterated]] as "Moslem", which is an older spelling.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120919132719/http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/communities/pdf/151921.pdf |title=''Reporting Diversity'' guide for journalists |format=PDF |accessdate=2010-03-17}}</ref> The word ''[[Mosalman]]'' ({{lang-fa|مسلمان}}, alternatively ''Mussalman'') is a common equivalent for ''Muslim'' used in Central Asia.
Until at least the mid-1960s, many English-language writers used the term ''[[Mohammedan]]s'' or ''Mahometans''.<ref>See for instance the second edition of ''[[Fowler's Modern English Usage|A Dictionary of Modern English Usage]]'' by [[Henry Watson Fowler|H. W. Fowler]], revised by [[Ernest Gowers]] (Oxford, 1965)).</ref> Although such terms were not necessarily intended to be [[pejorative]], Muslims argue that the terms are offensive because they allegedly imply that Muslims worship Muhammad rather than God.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| last = Gibb| first = Sir Hamilton| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey| year = 1969| page=1 | quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref>
==Meaning==
[[File:Men praying at Babur Gardens in 2010.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Demography of Afghanistan|Afghan]] Muslims praying inside [[Bagh-e Babur|Gardens of Babur]] in [[Kabul]], [[Afghanistan]].]]
In defining ''Muslim'', the Sufi spiritual leader [[Ibn Arabi]] said:
{{Quotation|A Muslim is a person who has dedicated his worship exclusively to God...''Islam'' means making one's religion and faith God's alone.<ref>''Commentary on the Qur'an'', Razi, I, p. 432, Cairo, 1318/1900</ref>}}
===Used to describe earlier prophets in the Qur'an===
The Qur'an describes many [[prophets of Islam|prophets]] and messengers as well as their respective followers as Muslim: [[Adam (Bible)|Adam]], [[Noah]], [[Abraham]], [[Jacob]], [[Islamic view of Moses|Moses]] and [[Islamic view of Jesus|Jesus]] and his [[apostles]] are all considered to be Muslims in the Qur'an. The Qur'an states that these men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached His message and upheld His values, which included praying, charity, fasting and pilgrimage. Thus, in Surah 3:52 of the Qur'an, Jesus’ disciples tell Jesus, "We believe in God; and you be our witness that we are Muslims (''wa-shahad be anna muslimūn'')." In Muslim belief, before the Qur'an, [[God]] had given the [[Tawrat|Torah]] to [[Moses]], the [[Zabur|Psalms]] to [[David]] and the [[Injil|Gospel]] to [[Jesus]], who are all considered important Muslim [[Prophets of Islam|prophets]].
==Demographics==
[[File:World Muslim Population (Pew Forum).svg|260px|thumb|World Muslim population by percentage (''[[Pew Research Center]]'', 2009).]]
{{main|Islam#Demographics}}
{{see also|List of countries by Muslim population}}
About 13% of Muslims live in [[Islam in Indonesia|Indonesia]], the largest Muslim country,<ref name="mgmpPRC" /> 25% in [[South Asia]],<ref name="mgmpPRC"/> 20% in the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]],<ref name="mgmpPRC" /><ref>{{Cite book
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-515713-0
| last = Esposito
| first = John L.
| title = What everyone needs to know about Islam
| page = 21
| date = 2002-10-15
}} and {{Cite book
| edition = Rev. 3rd ed., updated with new epilogue.
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-518266-8
| last = Esposito
| first = John
| title = Islam : the straight path
| location = New York
| pages = 2, 43
| year = 2005
}}</ref> 2% in [[Central Asia]], 4% in the remaining South East Asian countries, and 15% in [[Islam in Africa|Sub-saharan Africa]].<ref name="mgmpPRC" /> Sizable communities are also found in [[Islam in China|China]] and [[Islam in Russia|Russia]], and parts of the [[Caribbean]]. Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world.
The majority of Muslims are [[Sunni]], being over 75–90% of all Muslims.<ref name=Sunni /><ref name="Sunni Islam" /> The second and third largest sects, [[Shia]] and [[Ahmadiyya]], make up 10–20%<ref name=Shia /> and 1%<ref name="ahmadi" /> respectively. The most populous Muslim-majority country is [[Indonesia]] home to 12.7% of the world's Muslims followed by [[Pakistan]] (11.0%), [[Bangladesh]] (9.2%), and [[Egypt]] (4.9%).<ref name="Islam_by_country" /> Sizable minorities are also found in [[Islam in India|India]], [[Islam in China|China]], [[Islam in Russia|Russia]], [[Islam in Ethiopia|Ethiopia]], [[Islam in the Americas|Americas]], [[Islam in Australia|Australia]] and parts of [[Islam in Europe|Europe]]. With about 1.6 billion followers, almost a quarter of [[world population|earth's population]],<ref name="mgmpPRC"/><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.cnn.com/2009-10-07/world/muslim.world.population_1_god-but-god-middle-east-distant?_s=PM:WORLD | work=CNN | title=Nearly 1 in 4 people worldwide is Muslim, report says | date=2009-10-12}}</ref><ref name="CIA Factbook" /> Islam is the [[major religious groups|second-largest]] and one of the [[claims to be the fastest-growing religion|fastest-growing religions in the world]].<ref>According to some sources it is the third fastest-growing religion after [[Zoroastrianism]] and [[Bahá'í]] in relative numbers and second fastest-growing in absolute numbers after [[Christianity]]. [http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5ht18N8tINGelAWExQSbvwxXXCsjg Israel haven for new Bahai world order], [http://fastestgrowingreligion.com/numbers.html Fastest Growing Religion]</ref><ref name="FP" /><ref name="Islam-Today" />
==See also==
* [[Islamic schools and branches]]
* [[Lists of Muslims]]
* [[Muslim holidays]]
* [[Muslim world]]
* [[Musulman]]
==References and notes==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="People-of-the-Book">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithpeople.html |title=People of the Book |work=[[Islam: Empire of Faith]] |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]|accessdate=2010-12-18}}</ref>
<ref name="Distorted">See:
* Accad (2003): According to [[Ibn Taymiyya]], although only some Muslims accept the textual veracity of the entire Bible, most Muslims will grant the veracity of most of it.
* Esposito (1998), pp.6,12
* Esposito (2002b), pp.4–5
* F. E. Peters (2003), p.9
* {{cite encyclopedia | title=Muhammad | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | author=F. Buhl | coauthors=A. T. Welch}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | title=Tahrif | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | author=Hava Lazarus-Yafeh}}</ref>
<ref name="WSU">{{cite web |url=http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/5PILLARS.HTM |title=arkan ad-din the five pillars of religion |publisher=[[Washington State University]] |location=United States |first=Richard |last=Hooker |date=July 14, 1999|accessdate=2010-11-17 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20101203124633/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/5PILLARS.HTM <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=2010-12-03}}</ref>
<ref name="CIA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[The World Factbook]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |location=United States |year=2010}}</ref>
<ref name="muslim pron">'''dictionary.reference.com''': ''[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/muslim muslim]'' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʌ|z|l|ɨ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|z|l|ɨ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|s|l|ɨ|m}}; ''[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/moslem moslem]'' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|z|l|ə|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|s|l|ə|m}}</ref>
<ref name="mgmpPRC">{{Cite book
| editor-last = Miller
| editor-first = Tracy
|date=October 2009
| publisher = [[Pew Research Center]]
| title = Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population
| format = PDF
| pages = 8–9, 17–19
| url=http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx
| accessdate = 2009-10-08 }}</ref>
<ref name=Shia>See
* {{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540503/Shiite |title=Shīʿite |quote=Shīʿites have come to account for roughly one-tenth of the Muslim population worldwide. |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |accessdate=2010-08-25}}
* {{cite web|url= http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |accessdate=2010-08-24 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=The Pew Forum's estimate of the Shia population (10-13%) is in keeping with previous estimates, which generally have been in the range of 10-15%. Some previous estimates, however, have placed the number of Shias at nearly 20% of the world's Muslim population.|date=October 7, 2009}}
* {{cite web |url=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/shi-a |title=Shia |publisher=[[Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs]] |quote=Shi’a Islam is the second largest branch of the tradition, with up to 200 million followers who comprise around 15% of all Muslims worldwide...|accessdate=December 5, 2011}}{{dead link|date=June 2012}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide...}}
</ref>
<ref name=Sunni>See:
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia] "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
* [http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran] "Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false Iran, Israel and the United States] "Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population"
* {{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite |title=Sunnite |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |quote=They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām.|accessdate=2010-08-26}}
* {{Cite book|title=Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures|last1=|first1=|quote=A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent.|authorlink=|coauthors=|volume=|year=2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|location=|isbn=0-7614-7926-0|page=352|url=http://books.google.com/?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA130&dq=Sunnis+are+90%25#v=onepage&q=Sunnis%20are%2090%25&f=false|accessdate=December 19, 2011}}
* {{cite web|url=http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |accessdate=2010-08-24 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.|date=October 7, 2009}}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709 |title=Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias |publisher=BBC News |quote=The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.|accessdate=December 18, 2011 |date=2011-12-06}}
* {{cite web|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0060) |title=Sunni and Shia Islam |publisher=[[Library of Congress Country Studies]] |quote=Sunni constitute 85 percent of the world's Muslims.|accessdate=December 17, 2011}}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm |title=Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA |publisher=[[USA Today]]|quote=Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.|accessdate=December 18, 2011 |date=2007-09-24}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide...}}
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3&dq=Sunni+Islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2DLuTujOEcesrAej29DdCA&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Sunni%20Islam&f=false Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide] "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community."
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Z4Ts0GkJBKgC&pg=PA20&dq=&hl=en&ei=hf7hTrCmNsvB8QOllfmCBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CE0Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false Inside Muslim minds] "around 80% are Sunni"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3w_ngX--ji4C&pg=PA103&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Who Gets To Narrate the World] "The Sunnis (approximately 80%)"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vD2TJNc7NE4C&pg=PA265&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFoQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=&f=false A world theology] N. Ross Reat "80% being the Sunni"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA32&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CGAQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at] "The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the worlds Muslim population"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false A dictionary of modern politics] "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
</ref>
<ref name="Sunni Islam">From [[Sunni Islam]]: See:
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia] "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
*{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population |accessdate=8 December 2011}}
*[http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran] "Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population"
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false Iran, Israel and the United States] "Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population"
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false A dictionary of modern politics] "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
* {{Cite web|url=http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |accessdate=2010-08-24 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.|date=October 7, 2009}}
* {{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm |title=Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias |publisher=[[BBC News]] |quote=The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.|accessdate=December 18, 2011 |date=2011-12-06}}
* {{Cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm |title=Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA |publisher=[[USA Today]]|quote=Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.|accessdate=December 18, 2011 |date=2007-09-24}}
* [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide] "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community."
</ref>
<ref name="ahmadi">
*{{Cite book|title=Breach of Faith|last1=|first1=|quote=Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate|authorlink=|coauthors=|volume=|publisher=Human Rights Watch|location=|isbn=|page=8|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-jgWU83CCIOZyAPJjoDYCQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=March 29, 2014 date=June 2005}}
*{{Cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dgtgGhMUgIUC&pg=PA72&hl=en&sa=X&ei=e_E2U7GXMIrJ0QXou4CIAw&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Asian Religions in British Columbia|quote=The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world|author=Larry DeVries, Don Baker, and Dan Overmyer|accessdate=March 29, 2014|isbn=978-0-7748-1662-5|publisher=University of Columbia Press}}
*{{Cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA23&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3fE2U56QCLGz0QXop4CoBg&ved=0CFkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of Islam|quote=The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million|author=Juan Eduardo Campo|publisher=|page=24|accessdate=March 29, 2014|isbn=0-8160-5454-1}}
*{{Cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/01/20/january-20-2012-ahmadiyya-muslims/10124/|title=Ahmadiyya Muslims | publisher=pbs.org | accessdate=6 October 2013}}
*A figure of 10-20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population. See also [[Ahmadiyya by country]].</ref>
<ref name="Islam_by_country">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/rel_isl_num_of_mus-religion-islam-number-of-muslim
|title=Number of Muslim by country|publisher=nationmaster.com|accessdate=2007-05-30}}</ref>
<ref name="CIA Factbook">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html|title=The World Factbook|publisher=CIA Factbook|accessdate=2010-12-08}}</ref>
<ref name="FP">{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3835 |title=The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions |publisher=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=May 14, 2007 |accessdate=2010-05-16}}</ref>
<ref name="Islam-Today">
* {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithtoday.html |title=Islam Today |work=[[Islam: Empire of Faith]] (2000)|quote=''Islam, followed by more than a billion people today, is the world's fastest growing religion and will soon be the world's largest...'' |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]|accessdate=2010-08-25}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/religion/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god |title=No God But God |work=Thomas W. Lippman |quote=''Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world's great monotheistic faiths. It is a unique religion based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others.'' |publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]]|date=April 7, 2008|accessdate=2010-08-25}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/understanding-islam |title=Understanding Islam |work=Susan Headden |publisher=U.S. News & World Report |date=April 7, 2008 |accessdate=2010-08-25}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html |title=Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents |work= |publisher=[[Adherents.com]] |accessdate=2007-07-03}}</ref>
}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Muslims}}
*[http://www.islamicsupremecouncil.org/understanding-islam/legal-rulings/53-ritual-prayer-its-meaning-and-manner.html Ritual Prayer: Its Meaning and Manner] The Islamic Supreme Council of America.
*[http://teachmiddleeast.lib.uchicago.edu/historical-perspectives/rulership-and-justice/islamic-period/essay/essay-02.html Muhammad and the First Muslim Ummah] University of Chicago.
{{Characters and names in the Quran}}
[[Category:Muslims| ]]
[[Category:Islam| ]]
[[Category:Quranic words and phrases]]
[[Category:Religious identity]]
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