కురు సామ్రాజ్యం: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

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14:27, 12 మార్చి 2018 నాటి కూర్పు

Kuru (సంస్కృతం: कुरु) was the name of a Vedic Indo-Aryan tribal union in northern Iron Age India, encompassing the modern-day states of Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Uttarakhand and the western part of Uttar Pradesh (the region of Doab, till Prayag), which appeared in the Middle Vedic period[1][2] (c. 1200 – c. 900 BCE) and developed into the first recorded state-level society in the Indian subcontinent.[3][note 1][4]

Kuru Kingdom

సంస్కృతం: कुरु राज्य
c. 1200 BCE–c. 500 BCE
Kuru and other kingdoms in the Late Vedic period.
Kuru and other kingdoms in the Late Vedic period.
Kuru and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
Kuru and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
రాజధానిĀsandīvat, later Hastinapura and Indraprastha
సామాన్య భాషలుVedic Sanskrit
మతం
Vedic Hinduism
Brahmanism
ప్రభుత్వంMonarchy
Raja (King or Chief) 
చారిత్రిక కాలంIron Age
• స్థాపన
c. 1200 BCE
• పతనం
c. 500 BCE
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Rigvedic tribes
Panchala
Mahajanapada
Today part of India

The Kuru kingdom decisively changed the Vedic heritage of the early Vedic period, arranging the Vedic hymns into collections, and developing new rituals which gained their position in Indian civilization as the orthodox srauta rituals,[3] which contributed to the so-called "classical synthesis"[4] or "Hindu synthesis".[5] It became the dominant political and cultural center of the middle Vedic Period during the reigns of Parikshit and Janamejaya I,[3] but it declined in importance during the late Vedic period (c. 900 – c. 500 BCE), and had become "something of a backwater"[4] by the Mahajanapada period in the 5th century BCE. However, traditions and legends about the Kurus continued into the post-Vedic period, providing the basis for the Mahabharata epic.[3]

The main contemporary sources for understanding the Kuru kingdom are ancient religious texts, containing details of life during this period and allusions to historical persons and events.[3] The time-frame and geographical extent of the Kuru kingdom (as determined by philological study of the Vedic literature) suggest its correspondence with the archaeological Painted Grey Ware culture.[4]

  1. Pletcher 2010, p. 63.
  2. Witzel 1995, p. 6.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Witzel 1995.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Samuel 2010.
  5. Hiltebeitel 2002.


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