నిమ్రద్ కటకం: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

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Theనిమ్రద్ '''Nimrudకటకం lens''',(లాయర్డ్ alsoకటకం) called3000 '''Layardసంవత్సరాల lens''',వయస్సు isగల aరాతి 3000-year-oldశిల. pieceఇది of1850 లో నవీన [[rock crystalఇరాక్]], whichలోని was unearthedనిమ్రద్ in 1850యొక్క byఆస్సీరియన్ [[Austenభవనంలో Henryత్రవ్వకాల్లో Layard]]ఆస్టన్ atహన్రీ theలాయర్డ్ [[Assyria]]n palaceకనుగొన్నాడు. of [[Nimrud]], in modern-day [[Iraq]].<ref name="bm">{{cite web |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=369215&partid=1 |title=The Nimrud lens / the Layard lens |publisher=The British Museum |work=Collection database |accessdate=Oct 21, 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=mCqLDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT35&lpg=PT35&dq=layard+lens+1850&source=bl&ots=jZdkfLIvL6&sig=a4v6JQNVJoOczRqiED78mlhfcNM&hl=it&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJvZatsYrRAhUHCBoKHUdDA9g4ChDoAQhGMAo#v=onepage&q=layard%20lens%201850&f=false|title=The Limits of Resolution|last=Villiers|first=Geoffrey de|last2=Pike|first2=E. Roy|date=2016-10-16|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781315350806|language=en}}</ref> Itఇది may have been used as aకేంద్రీకరణ [[magnifying glassకటకము]], orలేదా asబర్నింగ్ aగ్లాస్ [[burning-glass]]గా toవాడబడేది. startదీనితో firesసూర్యకాంతిని byకేంద్రీకరించి concentratingమంటలను sunlight,సృష్టించవచ్చు. orఇది itఒక mayచట్రలో haveఅలంకరణ beenవస్తువుగా aఉపయోగించబడేది. piece of decorative inlay.<ref name=bm/>
==వర్ణన==
The [[lens (optics)|lens]] is slightly oval, and was roughly [[Grinding (abrasive cutting)|ground]], perhaps on a [[lapidary]] wheel.<ref name="layard"/> It has a [[Focus (optics)|focal point]] about {{convert|4.5|in|cm|disp=flip}} from the flat side, and a [[focal length]] of about 12&nbsp;cm.<ref name="layard"/><ref name=Brewster>{{cite journal | journal = Die Fortschritte der Physik | publisher = Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft |year=1852 | author = D. Brewster | title = On an account of a rock-crystal lens and decomposed glass found in Niniveh |language=German | url = https://books.google.com/?id=bHwEAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA355&dq=niniveh+lens }}</ref><ref name=bm/> This would make it equivalent to a 3× magnifying glass. The surface of the lens has twelve cavities that were opened during grinding, which would have contained [[naphtha]] or some other fluid trapped in the raw crystal. The lens is said to be able to focus sunlight although the focus is far from perfect. Because the lens is made from natural rock crystal the material of the lens has not deteriorated significantly over time.<ref name="layard">{{cite book|last=Layard|first=Austen Henry|title=Discoveries in the ruins of Nineveh and Babylon: with travels in Armenia |year=1853|publisher=G.P. Putnam and Co|pages= 197–8,674 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=1KITAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA674&dq=british+museum+lens+layard#v=onepage&q=lens&f=false}}</ref>
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