ఐర్లాండ్: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

 

The island fields a single international team in most sports. One notable exception to this is association football, although both associations continued to field international teams under the name "Ireland" until the 1950s. The sport is also the most notable exception where the [[Republic of Ireland national football team|Republic of Ireland]] and [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland]] field separate international teams. Northern Ireland has produced two World Snooker Champions.

[[File:Tyrone Blanket Defence.jpg|thumb|[[Tyrone GAA|Tyrone]] v [[Kerry GAA|Kerry]] in the [[2005 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final]]]]

[[Gaelic football]], [[hurling]] and [[Gaelic handball|handball]] are the best-known of the Irish traditional sports, collectively known as [[Gaelic games]]. Gaelic games are governed by the [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] (GAA), with the exception of ladies' Gaelic football and camogie (women's variant of hurling), which are governed by separate organisations. The headquarters of the GAA (and the main stadium) is located at the 82,500<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.crokepark.ie/ |title=Croke Park. Not just a venue. A destination |publisher=Croke Park Stadium / Gaelic Athletic Association |access-date=3 October 2007}}</ref> capacity [[Croke Park]] in north Dublin. Many major GAA games are played there, including the semi-finals and finals of the [[All-Ireland Senior Football Championship]] and [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship]]. During the redevelopment of the [[Lansdowne Road|Lansdowne Road stadium]] in 2007–10, international rugby and soccer were played there.<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/05/AR2007020501459.html |title=For First Time, Croke Park Is Ireland's Common Ground |date=6 February 2007 |access-date=14 August 2008 |work=The Washington Post |first=Michael |last=Moynihan}}</ref> All GAA players, even at the highest level, are amateurs, receiving no wages, although they are permitted to receive a limited amount of sport-related income from commercial sponsorship.

Unlike soccer, Ireland continues to field a single [[Ireland national rugby union team|national rugby team]] and a single association, the [[Irish Rugby Football Union]] (IRFU), governs the sport across the island. The Irish rugby team have played in every [[Rugby World Cup]], making the quarter-finals in six of them. Ireland also hosted games during the [[1991 Rugby World Cup|1991]] and the [[1999 Rugby World Cup]]s (including a quarter-final). There are four professional Irish teams; all four play in the [[Pro14]] and at least three compete for the [[Heineken Cup]]. Irish rugby has become increasingly competitive at both the international and provincial levels since the sport went professional in 1994. During that time, [[Ulster Rugby|Ulster]] ([[1998–99 Heineken Cup|1999]]),<ref name="heineken champions archive">{{cite web |url=http://archive.ercrugby.com/heinekencup/champions.php |title=Champions of Europe |publisher=European Club Rugby |website=ERCRugby.com |date=2014 |access-date=4 October 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080223/http://archive.ercrugby.com/heinekencup/champions.php |archivedate=6 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> [[Munster Rugby|Munster]] ([[2005–06 Heineken Cup|2006]]<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/european/4998452.stm |title=Munster 23-19 Biarritz |work=BBC News Online |date=20 May 2006 |access-date=13 October 2011}}</ref> and [[2007–08 Heineken Cup|2008]])<ref name="heineken champions archive"/> and [[Leinster Rugby|Leinster]] ([[2008–09 Heineken Cup|2009]], [[2010–11 Heineken Cup|2011]] and [[2011–12 Heineken Cup|2012]])<ref name="heineken champions archive"/> have won the Heineken Cup. In addition to this, the Irish International side has had increased success in the [[Six Nations Championship]] against the other European elite sides. This success, including [[Triple Crown (rugby union)|Triple Crowns]] in 2004, 2006 and 2007, culminated with a clean sweep of victories, known as a [[Grand Slam (rugby union)|Grand Slam]], in 2009 and 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.com/sport/rugby-union/17274833 |title=Six Nations roll of honour |work=BBC News Online |date=2014 |access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref>

 

[[File:Irl-Sligo horse racing.jpg|thumb|[[Horse racing]] in [[Sligo]]]]

[[Horse racing]] and [[greyhound racing]] are both popular in Ireland. There are frequent horse race meetings and greyhound stadiums are well-attended. The island is noted for the breeding and training of race horses and is also a large exporter of racing dogs.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=FGS Consulting |title=Review of the Horse and Greyhound Racing Fund |publisher=Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism |date=May 2009 |page=11 |url= http://www.arts-sport-tourism.gov.ie/pdfs/DAST_%20Review_of_H%20_GFund%20_FGS_Final_May%2009.pdf |format=PDF |access-date=29 March 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110723073729/http://www.arts-sport-tourism.gov.ie/pdfs/DAST_%20Review_of_H%20_GFund%20_FGS_Final_May%2009.pdf |archive-date=23 July 2011}}</ref> The horse racing sector is largely concentrated in the [[County Kildare]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.curragh.ie/about-us/history-of-the-curragh/ |title=Kildare at the heart of the Irish bloodstock industry |publisher=The Curragh Racecourse |access-date=29 March 2010}}</ref>

Golf is very popular, and golf tourism is a major industry attracting more than 240,000 golfing visitors annually.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.ireland.com/what-is-available/golf/articles/golfing-ireland |title=Golfing in Ireland |website=Ireland.com |publisher=Tourism Ireland |access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref> The [[2006 Ryder Cup|2006]] [[Ryder Cup]] was held at [[The Kildare Hotel and Golf Club|The K Club]] in [[County Kildare]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2006 Ryder Cup Team Europe |publisher=PGA of America, Ryder Cup Limited, and Turner Sports Interactive |date=23 January 2006 |url= http://www.rydercup.com/2006/europe/news/20060123_home.html |access-date=8 November 2008}}</ref> [[Pádraig Harrington]] became the first Irishman since [[Fred Daly (golfer)|Fred Daly]] in 1947 to win the [[The Open Championship|British Open]] at [[Carnoustie]] in July 2007.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brennan |first=Séamus |author-link=Séamus Brennan |title=Séamus Brennan, Minister for Arts, Sport and Tourism comments on victory by Padraig Harrington in the 2007 British Open Golf Championship |date=22 July 2007 |website=arts-sport-tourism.gov.ie |publisher=Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism |location=Dublin |url= http://www.arts-sport-tourism.gov.ie/publications/release.asp?ID=2028 |access-date=8 November 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110723073843/http://www.arts-sport-tourism.gov.ie/publications/release.asp?ID=2028 |archive-date=23 July 2011}}</ref> He successfully defended his title in July 2008<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.randa.org/en/RandA/News/News/2008/October/Peter-Dawson-speaks-about-golf-s-Olympic-ambition.aspx |title=Peter Dawson speaks about golf's Olympic ambition |work=OpenGolf.com |publisher=R&A Championships Ltd |date=16 December 2009 |access-date=26 March 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150403122928/http://www.randa.org/en/RandA/News/News/2008/October/Peter-Dawson-speaks-about-golf-s-Olympic-ambition.aspx |archive-date=3 April 2015}}</ref> before going on to win the [[PGA Championship]] in August.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.rte.ie/sport/golf/galleries/2008/0811/236140-harrington/ |title=In Pictures: Harrington wins US PGA |date=11 August 2008 |access-date=14 August 2008 |work=RTÉ News}}</ref> Harrington became the first European to win the PGA Championship in 78 years and was the first winner from Ireland. Three golfers from Northern Ireland have been particularly successful. In 2010, [[Graeme McDowell]] became the first Irish golfer to win the [[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]], and the first European to win that tournament since 1970. [[Rory McIlroy]], at the age of 22, won the 2011 U.S. Open, while [[Darren Clarke]]'s latest victory was the [[2011 Open Championship]] at Royal St. George's. In August 2012, McIlroy won his 2nd major championship by winning the USPGA Championship by a record margin of 8 shots.

 

The west coast of Ireland, [[Lahinch]] and [[Donegal Bay]] in particular, have popular surfing beaches, being fully exposed to the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Donegal Bay is shaped like a funnel and catches west/south-west Atlantic winds, creating good surf, especially in winter. Since just before the year 2010, [[Bundoran]] has hosted European championship surfing. [[Scuba diving]] is increasingly popular in Ireland with clear waters and large populations of sea life, particularly along the western seaboard. There are also many shipwrecks along the coast of Ireland, with some of the best [[wreck dives]] being in [[Malin Head]] and off the [[County Cork]] coast.<ref>{{cite news |last=McDaid |first=Brendan |url= http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/imported/shipwrecks-ahoy-in-area-28256564.html |title=Shipwrecks ahoy in area |work=Belfast Telegraph |date=9 June 2004 |access-date=27 March 2010}}</ref>