హంగరి: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

 

హంగేరి సమకాలీన శాస్త్రీయ సంగీత స్వరకర్తలలో గోర్గీ లిగీటీ, గైర్గీ కుర్తాగ్, పెటర్ ఎటోవ్స్, జోల్తాన్ కొడాలి, జోల్తాన్ జెనీ వంటి ప్రముఖ సంగీత కళాకారులు ఉన్నారు. 20 వ శతాబ్దంలో గొప్ప హంగేరియన్ స్వరకర్తలలో ఒకరైన బెలా బార్టోక్ అత్యంత ప్రముఖ సంగీతకారులుగా గుర్తించబడారు. ఆయన అధ్యయనం చేసిన హంగేరియన్, పొరుగున ఉన్న జానపద సంగీత సంప్రదాయాల అమ్శాలు, రీతులు, లయ నమూనాలతో ఆయన సంగీతం ప్రేరేపించబడి తన సమకాలీనులలో ఆయన స్వంత విలక్షణ శైలిలో సంగీతం అందించాడు.<ref>[http://mek.oszk.hu/02100/02172/html/index.html Szabolcsi] Although the Hungarian upper class has long had cultural and political connections with the rest of Europe, leading to an influx of European musical ideas, the rural peasants maintained their own traditions such that by the end of the 19th century Hungarian composers could draw on rural peasant music to (re)create a Hungarian classical style. For example, [[Béla Bartók]] and [[Zoltán Kodály]], two of Hungary's most famous composers, are known for using folk themes in their own music.</ref>

[[File:Bartók Béla 1927.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Béla Bartók]], an influential composer from the early 20th century; one of the founders of [[ethnomusicology]]]]

Broughton claims that Hungary's "infectious sound has been surprisingly influential on neighboring countries (thanks perhaps to the common Austro-Hungarian history) and it's not uncommon to hear Hungarian-sounding tunes in Romania, Slovakia and Poland".<ref>Szalipszki, p. 12<br />Refers to the country as "widely considered" to be a "home of music".</ref> It is also strong in the [[Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg|Szabolcs-Szatmár]] area and in the southwest part of [[Transdanubia]], near the border with Croatia. The [[Busójárás]] carnival in [[Mohács]] is a major Hungarian folk music event, formerly featuring the long-established and well-regarded [[Bogyiszló orchestra]].<ref name="Broughton">Broughton, pp. 159–167</ref>

 

Hungarian [[European classical music|classical music]] has long been an "experiment, made from Hungarian antecedents and on Hungarian soil, to create a conscious musical culture [using the] musical world of the folk song".<ref>Szabolcsi, ''The Specific Conditions of Hungarian Musical Development''<br />"Every experiment, made from Hungarian antecedents and on Hungarian soil, to create a conscious musical culture (music written by composers, as different from folk music), had instinctively or consciously striven to develop widely and universally the musical world of the folk song. Folk poetry and folk music were deeply embedded in the collective Hungarian people's culture, and this unity did not cease to be effective even when it was given from and expression by individual creative artists, performers and poets."</ref> Although the Hungarian upper class has long had cultural and political connections with the rest of Europe, leading to an influx of European musical ideas, the rural peasants maintained their own traditions such that by the end of the 19th century Hungarian composers could draw on rural peasant music to (re)create a Hungarian classical style.<ref name="Szabolcsi">{{cite web|url=http://mek.oszk.hu/02100/02172/html/index.html |title=Szabolcsi |publisher=Mek.oszk.hu |accessdate=20 September 2009}}</ref> For example, Bartók collected folk songs from across Central and Eastern Europe, including Romania and Slovakia, while Kodály was more interested in creating a distinctively Hungarian musical style.