కాంగో రిపబ్లిక్: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు
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పంక్తి 129:
రిపబ్లిక్ ఆఫ్ ది కాంగో జి.డి.పి. 2014 లో 6% అధికరించింది. 2015 లో 7.5% అధికరిస్తుందని అంచనా వేసారు.<ref>{{Cite web|url = |title = Republic of the Congo GDP Annual Growth Rate|date = |access-date = 1 January 2016|website = Trading Economics|publisher = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/country-data/republic-of-the-congo-gdp-country-report|title = Republic of the Congo GDP and Economic Data|date = |access-date = 14 January 2016|website = Global Finance|publisher = }}</ref>
==ప్రయాణ సౌకర్యాలు ==
[[File:Aeroport Maya-Maya.jpg|thumb|left|[[Maya-Maya Airport]] in [[Brazzaville]].]]
Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. The country's [[Congo–Ocean Railway|rail system]] was [[Congo–Ocean Railway#History|built by forced laborers]] during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. There are also over 1000 km of paved roads and two major international airports ([[Maya-Maya Airport]] and [[Pointe Noire Airport]]) which have flights to destinations in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. The country also has a large port on the [[Atlantic Ocean]] at [[Pointe-Noire]] and others along the [[Congo River]] at [[Brazzaville]] and [[Impfondo]].
==గణాంకాలు ==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in the Republic of the Congo by [[Pew Research Center]] (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/table-christian-population-as-percentages-of-total-population-by-country/|title=Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country|date=19 December 2011|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Protestantism]]
|value1 = 51.4
|color1 = DarkOrchid
|label2 = [[Catholicism]]
|value2 = 30.1
|color2 = Orchid
|label3 = [[Christianity|Other Christian]]
|value3 = 4.4
|color3 = Blue
|label4 = Other religions
|value4 = 14.1
|color4 = MediumSeaGreen
}}
{|class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px"
! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#cfb;"|Population{{UN_Population|ref}}
|-
! style="background:#cfb;"|Year
! style="background:#cfb;"|Million
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|1950 ||style="text-align:right;"|0.8
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2000 ||style="text-align:right;"|3.2
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{UN_Population|Year}} ||style="text-align:right;"|{{#expr:{{formatnum:{{UN_Population|Congo}}|R}}/1e6 round 1}}
|}
The Republic of the Congo's sparse population is concentrated in the southwestern portion of the country, leaving the vast areas of tropical [[jungle]] in the north virtually uninhabited. Thus, Congo is one of the most urbanized countries in Africa, with 70% of its total population living in a few urban areas, namely in [[Brazzaville]], [[Pointe-Noire]] or one of the small cities or villages lining the {{convert|534|km|sing=on}} railway which connects the two cities. In rural areas, industrial and commercial activity has declined rapidly in recent years, leaving rural economies dependent on the government for support and subsistence.<ref name="StateDept"/>
Ethnically and linguistically the population of the Republic of the Congo is diverse—[[Ethnologue]] recognises 62 spoken languages in the country<ref>{{cite web | URL = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CG | title=Languages of Congo | publisher=SIL International | accessdate=13 June 2009}}</ref>—but can be grouped into three categories. The [[Kongo people|Kongo]] are the largest ethnic group and form roughly half of the population. The most significant subgroups of the Kongo are [[Lari (ethnic group)|Laari]] in Brazzaville and Pool regions and [[Vili people|Vili]] around Pointe-Noire and along the Atlantic coast. The second largest group are the [[Bateke|Teke]] who live to the north of Brazzaville with 17% of the population. [[Mbochi|Boulangui]] (M’Boshi) live in the northwest and in Brazzaville and form 12% of the population.<ref>{{cite book | title=Ethnic groups worldwide | author=Levinson, David | year=1998 | pages=120–121 | isbn=978-1-57356-019-1 | url=https://books.google.com/?id=uwi-rv3VV6cC&pg=PA120&lpg=PA120 | publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.minorityrights.org/?lid=4141 | title=Congo Overview | publisher= Minority Rights Group International | accessdate=13 June 2009}}</ref> [[Pygmies]] make up 2% of Congo's population.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2011/08/05/les-pygmees-du-congo-en-danger-d-extinction_1556735_3212.html#ens_id=1259967 | title=Les pygmées du Congo en "danger d'extinction" | newspaper=Le Monde | date=5 August 2011 | accessdate=5 November 2017}}</ref>
Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 [[Europe]]ans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were [[French people|French]]; only a fraction of this number remains.<ref name="StateDept">[https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2825.htm#people Background Note: Republic of the Congo] [[United States Department of State]]. Accessed on 21 August 2008.</ref> Around 300 [[United States|American]] expatriates reside in the Congo.<ref name="StateDept"/>
According to CIA World Factbook, the people of the Republic of the Congo are largely a mix of [[Catholics]] (33.1%), [[Awakening (religious movement)|Awakening Lutherans]] (22.3%) and other [[Protestants]] (19.9%). Followers of [[Islam]] make up 1.6%, and this is primarily due to an influx of foreign workers into the urban centers.<ref name="CIA" />
According to a 2011–12 survey, total fertility rate was 5.1 children born per woman, with 4.5 in urban areas and 6.5 in rural areas.<ref>[http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR267/FR267.pdf Congo. Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2011–2012]. Centre National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (CNSEE), Brazzaville. December 2012</ref>
{{Largest cities
| name = Largest cities of the Republic of the Congo
| country = Republic of the Congo
| stat_ref = [https://www.citypopulation.de/Congo.html City Population: CONGO (REP.)]
| list_by_pop =
| class = nav
| div_name =
| div_link = Departments of the Republic of the Congo{{!}}Department
| city_1 = Brazzaville
| div_1 = Brazzaville Department{{!}}Brazzaville
| pop_1 = 1,373,382
| img_1 = Immeuble de brazzaville.jpg
| city_2 = Pointe-Noire
| div_2 = Pointe-Noire Department{{!}}Pointe-Noire
| pop_2 = 715,334
| img_2 = Gare de Pointe-Noire (19913391200).jpg
| city_3 = Dolisie
| div_3 = Niari Department{{!}}Niari
| pop_3 = 83,798
| img_3 =
| city_4 =Nkayi, Republic of the Congo{{!}}Nkayi
| div_4 = Bouenza
| pop_4 = 71,620
| img_4 =
| city_5 = Impfondo
| div_5 = Likouala Department{{!}}Likouala
| pop_5 = 33,911
| img_5 =
| city_6 = Ouésso
| div_6 = Sangha Department (Republic of the Congo){{!}}Sangha
| pop_6 = 28,179
| img_6 =
| city_7 = Madingou
| div_7 = Bouenza Department{{!}}Bouenza
| pop_7 = 25,713
| img_7 =
| city_8 = Owando
| div_8 = Cuvette Department{{!}}Cuvette
| pop_8 = 24,736
| img_8 =
| city_9 = Sibiti
| div_9 = Lékoumou Department{{!}}Lékoumou
| pop_9 = 22,951
| img_9 =
| city_10 = Loutété
| div_10 = Bouenza Department{{!}}Bouenza
| pop_10 = 19,212
| img_10 =
}}
===Health===
Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%.<ref name="hdrstats.undp.org">{{cite web |url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_COG.html |title=Human Development Report 2009 |accessdate=2014-06-24 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117223815/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_COG.html |archivedate=17 January 2010 |df=dmy-all }}. undp.org</ref>
{{As of|2012}}, the [[HIV/AIDS]] prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds.<ref name="CIA" /> Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004.<ref name="hdrstats.undp.org"/> A large proportion of the population is undernourished,<ref name="hdrstats.undp.org"/> with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/73653/congo-grappling-with-malnutrition-and-post-conflict-woes|title=IRIN Africa – CONGO: Grappling with malnutrition and post-conflict woes – Congo – Food Security – Health & Nutrition|work=IRINnews|accessdate=23 January 2015}}</ref> There were 20 physicians per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s (decade).<ref name="hdrstats.undp.org"/>
{{As of|2010}}, the [[maternal mortality]] rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the [[infant mortality]] rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births.<ref name="CIA" /> [[Female genital mutilation]] (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inthenews.unfpa.org/?p=15146|title=CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE): UNFPA Leads Fight Against FGM " UNFPA in the News|publisher=|accessdate=23 January 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129011052/http://inthenews.unfpa.org/?p=15146|archivedate=29 November 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== ప్రభుత్వము,రాజకీయాలు ==
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