విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్యం: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు
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చి వర్గం:మధ్యయుగ భారతీయ సామ్రాజ్యాలు చేర్చబడింది (హాట్కేట్ ఉపయోగించి) |
దిద్దుబాటు సారాంశం లేదు |
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పంక్తి 83:
'''విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్యాని'''కి భారతదేశ చరిత్రలో విశేష స్థానమున్నది. భారతావని మొత్తం తురుష్కుల దండయాత్రలకు ఎరయై సనాతన [[ధర్మము]], [[సంస్కృతి]], వేషభాషలు, ఆచారములు కనుమరుగై పోవు స్థితిలో హిందూమత సంరక్షణకు నడుముగట్టి నాలుగు శతాబ్దములు నిర్విరామముగా స్వరక్షణకై పోరాటములు సల్పి చాలావరకు కృతకృత్యులయిన దేశాభిమానుల చరిత్ర [[విజయనగరం|విజయనగర]] ఇతిహాసము.
The '''Vijayanagara Empire''' (also called '''Karnata Empire''',{{sfn|Stein|1989|p=1}} and the '''Kingdom of Bisnegar''' by the [[Portuguese India|Portuguese]]) was based in the [[Deccan Plateau]] region in [[South India]]. It was established in 1336 by [[Harihara I]] and his brother [[Bukka Raya I]] of [[Sangama Dynasty]].<ref name="Book of Duarte Barbosa">By James Mansel Longworth page 204</ref><ref name="The madras journal of literature and science, year 1882">edited by J C morris page 261</ref><ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-93-80607-34-4 |pages=103–106}}</ref> The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off [[Islamic invasions of India|Islamic invasions]] by the end of the 13th century. It lasted until 1646, although its power declined after a major military defeat in the [[Battle of Talikota]] in 1565 by the combined armies of the [[Deccan sultanates]]. The empire is named after its capital city of [[Vijayanagara]], whose ruins surround present day [[Hampi]], now a [[World Heritage Site]] in [[Karnataka]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Master Plan for Hampi Local Planning Area |url=http://www.bellary.nic.in/HMP/REPORT%20PDFs/CHAPTER-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430075043/http://www.bellary.nic.in/HMP/REPORT%20PDFs/CHAPTER-2.pdf |archivedate=30 April 2013 }}</ref> The writings of medieval European travelers such as [[Domingo Paes]], [[Fernão Nunes]], and [[Niccolò Da Conti]], and the literature in local languages provide crucial information about its history. Archaeological excavations at Vijayanagara have revealed the empire's power and wealth.
The empire's legacy includes many monuments spread over South India, the best known of which is the group at [[Hampi]]. Different temple building traditions in South and Central India came together in the [[Vijayanagara Architecture]] style. This synthesis inspired architectural innovation in [[Hindu temples]]' construction. Efficient administration and vigorous overseas trade brought new technologies such as water management systems for irrigation. The empire's patronage enabled fine arts and literature to reach new heights in [[Kannada language|Kannada]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], and [[Sanskrit]], while [[Carnatic music]] evolved into its current form. The Vijayanagara Empire created an epoch in South Indian history that transcended regionalism by promoting [[Hinduism]] as a unifying factor.
==Alternative name==
''Karnata Rajya'' (Karnata Empire) was another name for the Vijayanagara Empire, used in some inscriptions<ref name="karnata">{{cite web|title=Telugu Inscriptions from Vijayanagar Dynasty, vol16, Introduction|url=http://inscriptions.whatisindia.com/|author=K.V.Ramesh|publisher=What Is India Publishers (P) Ltd., Saturday, December 30, 2006 |work=Archaeological Survey of India|accessdate=2006-12-31}}</ref><ref name="reviver1">{{harvnb|Nilakanta Sastri|1955|p=268}}</ref> and literary works of the Vijayanagara times including the Sanskrit work ''Jambavati Kalyanam'' by King [[Krishnadevaraya]] and Telugu work ''Vasu Charitamu''.<ref name="jambavati">{{harvnb|Fritz|Michell|2001|p=14}}</ref>
==[[ఆనెగొంది]] ==
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