మదురా ద్వీపం: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు
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పంక్తి 23:
|country_largest_city=[[Bangkalan]] town (pop. 94.729)}}
ఇండోనేషియా ద్వీపం అయిన మదురా ద్వీపం జావా ఈశాన్య తీరంలో ఉంది. ఈ ద్వీపం వైశాల్యం సుమారు 4,078.67 చ.కిమీ (పరిపాలనాపరంగా 5,168 కిమీ² తూర్పు మరియు ఉత్తరాన ఉన్న వివిధ చిన్న ద్వీపాలతో సహా) ఉంది. పరిపాలనాపరంగా మదుర తూర్పు జావాలో భాగంగా ఉంది. ఇది ఒక సన్నని జలసంధి ద్వారా జావా నుండి వేరు చేయబడింది. పరిపాలనా విభాగంలో జనసాంధ్రత చ.కి.మి.కు 702 మంది ఉండగా ద్వీపంలో జనసాంధ్రత చ.కి.మీ. 817 (2012 లో 3,630,000 మంది).
==History==
In 1624, [[Sultan Agung]] of [[Mataram Sultanate|Mataram]] conquered Madura and the island's government was brought under the [[Cakraningrat]]s, a single princely line.{{sfn|Ricklefs|2008|p=47}} The Cakraningrat family opposed Central Javanese rule and often conquered large parts of Mataram.{{sfn|Akhmad Saiful Ali|1994|p=62}}
Following the [[First Javanese War of Succession]] between [[Amangkurat III]] and his uncle, [[Pangeran Puger]], the Dutch gained control of the eastern half of Madura in 1705. Dutch recognition of Puger was influenced by the lord of West Madura, Cakraningrat II who is thought to have supported Puger's claims in the hope that a new war in central Java would provide the Madurese with a chance to interfere. However, while Amangkurat was arrested and exiled to Ceylon, Puger took the title of [[Pakubuwono I]] and signed a treaty with the Dutch that granted them East Madura.
The Cakraningrats agreed to help the Dutch quash the 1740 rebellion in Central Java after the Chinese massacre in 1740. In a 1743 treaty with the Dutch, Pakubuwono I ceded full sovereignty of Madura to the Dutch, which was contested by [[Cakraningrat IV]]. Cakraningrat fled to [[Banjarmasin]], took refuge with the English, was robbed and betrayed by the sultan, and captured by the Dutch and exiled to the [[Cape of Good Hope]].
The Dutch continued Madura's administrative divisions of four states each with their own regent. The island was initially important as a source of colonial troops and in the second half of the nineteenth century it became the main source of salt for Dutch-controlled territories in the archipelago.
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