మదురా ద్వీపం: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

 

2009 లో ప్రారంభమైన సురబయ-మదుర (సురమడు) వంతెన ప్రాంతీయ ఆర్థిక వ్యవస్థలో బ్యాంకలన్ ప్రాంతం ప్రాధాన్యతను మరింత పెంచుతుందని భావిస్తున్నారు.

[[File:Madura bull racing 1999.jpeg|thumb|left|Bull racing in [[Sumenep]], Madura]]

Madura is famous for its bull-racing competition (called ''[[karapan sapi]]''), whose a [[jockey]], usually a young boy, rides a simple wooden sled pulled by a pair of [[bull]]s over a course of about 100 meters in ten to fifteen seconds.

 

Several forms of music and theater are popular on Madura, particularly among poorer people for whom they provide an inexpensive form of entertainment and community-building. The ''topeng'' theater, which involves [[mask]]ed performances of classical stories such as the [[Ramayana]] and [[Mahabharata]], is the Madurese performance art best known outside the island, due to its role as a representative Madurese art form at exhibitions of regional cultures from all over Indonesia. However, performances of it are rare on Madura, and are generally restricted to entertainment at large official functions. The less formal ''loddrok'' theater, where performers do not wear masks and perform a wider range of themes, is more popular on the island.

 

The [[gamelan]] orchestra, best known as a classical Javanese instrument, is also played on Madura, where several of the former royal courts, such as at Bangkalan and Sumenep, possess elaborate gamelans. ''Tongtong'' music, more exclusive to Madura, is played on several wooden or bamboo drums, and often accompanies bull-racing competitions.

 

The Madurese are considered to be excellent sailors. Madurese vessels loaded with cargoes of wood from other islands, like [[Borneo]], used to ply their trade between Indonesia, [[Russia]] and [[Singapore]]. Traditional vessels of Madura include the [[golekan]], [[leti leti]] (or leteh-leteh), [[lis-alis]], and [[Janggolan#Madurese janggolan|janggolan]].<ref>Clifford W. Hawkins, ''Praus of Indonesia'' {{ISBN|0-333-31810-2}} / 0-333-31810-2</ref>