కారెట్: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

 

క్యారెట్లలో ఇతర రసాయనక చర్యలలో భాగంగా పైరోలిడిన్ (ఆకులలో ఉంటుంది),<ref name="Merck 2012"/> 6-హైడ్రాక్సీమెల్లెయిన్, <ref name="Kurosaki 1988"/> 6-మెథాక్సిమెల్లెయిన్, యూజీనిన్, 2,4,5-ట్రిమెథాక్సిబెంజాల్డిహైడ్ (గజారిన్) లేదా (జెడ్) -3-ఎసిటాక్సి-హెప్టాడెకా -1 , 9-డైన్ -4,6-డైన్ -8-ఓల్ (ఫాల్కారిండియోల్ 3-అసిటేట్) కూడా చూడవచ్చు.

[[File:Harvesting carrots.jpg|thumb|Workers harvesting carrots, [[Imperial Valley]], California, 1948]]

Carrots are grown from seed and can take up to four months (120 days) to mature, but most cultivars mature within 70 to 80 days under the right conditions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title = Your Guide To Growing Carrots|url = http://www.rodalesorganiclife.com/garden/your-guide-growing-carrots|website = Rodale's Organic Life|accessdate = 2015-12-23}}</ref> They grow best in full sun but tolerate some shade.<ref name="Elzer-Peters 2014"/> The optimum temperature is {{convert|16|to|21|C|F}}.<ref>{{harvp|Benjamin|McGarry|Gray|1997|p=557}}</ref> The ideal soil is deep, loose and well-drained, sandy or loamy, with a [[pH]] of 6.3 to 6.8.<ref name="Cunningham 2000"/>

Fertilizer should be applied according to soil type because the crop requires low levels of nitrogen, moderate phosphate and high potash. Rich or rocky soils should be avoided, as these will cause the roots to become hairy and/or misshapen.<ref name="Abbott 2012"/> Irrigation is applied when needed to keep the soil moist. After sprouting, the crop is eventually thinned to a spacing of {{convert|3|to|4|in|cm|abbr=on|order=flip|0}} and weeded to prevent competition beneath the soil.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=DAFF/>

 

There are several diseases that can reduce the yield and [[market value]] of carrots. The most devastating carrot disease is ''[[Alternaria]]'' leaf blight, which has been known to eradicate entire crops. A bacterial leaf blight caused by ''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' can also be destructive in warm, humid areas. Root knot nematodes (''[[Meloidogyne]]'' species) can cause stubby or forked roots, or [[gall]]s.<ref name="Naqvi 2004"/> [[Fungicide use in the United States#Cavity spot|Cavity spot]], caused by the [[oomycete]]s ''[[Pythium violae]]'' and ''[[Pythium sulcatum]]'', results in irregularly shaped, depressed lesions on the taproots.<ref name="urlIPM UCDavis"/>

 

Physical damage can also reduce the value of carrot crops. The two main forms of damage are splitting, whereby a longitudinal crack develops during growth that can be a few centimetres to the entire length of the root, and breaking, which occurs postharvest. These disorders can affect over 30% of commercial crops. Factors associated with high levels of splitting include wide plant spacing, early sowing, lengthy growth durations, and [[genotype]].<ref>{{harvp|Benjamin|McGarry|Gray|1997|pp=570–571}}</ref>

 

Carrots benefit from strongly scented [[companion plant]]s. The pungent odour of onions, leeks and chives help repel the carrot root fly,<ref name="Cunningham 2000"/> and other vegetables that team well with carrots include lettuce, tomatoes and radishes, as well as the herbs [[rosemary]] and [[Salvia officinalis|sage]].<ref name="Riotte 1998"/> Carrots thrive in the presence of [[caraway]], [[coriander]], [[chamomile]], [[Calendula|marigold]] and [[Swan River daisy]].<ref name="Cunningham 2000"/> They can also be good companions for other plants; if left to flower, the carrot, like any [[umbellifer]], attracts predatory wasps that kill many garden pests.<ref name="Carr 1998"/><!--cites previous sentence-->