మడగాస్కర్: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

 

The Southeast Asian cultural influence is also evident in [[Malagasy cuisine]], in which rice is consumed at every meal, typically accompanied by one of a variety of flavorful vegetable or meat dishes.<ref name="Antal"/> African influence is reflected in the sacred importance of zebu cattle and their embodiment of their owner's wealth, traditions originating on the African mainland. [[Cattle raiding|Cattle rustling]], originally a rite of passage for young men in the plains areas of Madagascar where the largest herds of cattle are kept, has become a dangerous and sometimes deadly criminal enterprise as herdsmen in the southwest attempt to defend their cattle with traditional spears against increasingly armed professional rustlers.<ref name=Camp93/>

[[File:Hira gasy dancer Madagascar.jpg|thumb|upright|A [[Hiragasy]] dancer.]]

A wide variety of oral and written [[Literature of Madagascar|literature]] has developed in Madagascar. One of the island's foremost artistic traditions is its oratory, as expressed in the forms of ''[[hainteny]]'' (poetry), ''kabary'' (public discourse) and ''ohabolana'' (proverbs).<ref>Fox (1990), p. 39</ref><ref name="Madatana">{{cite web |last = Ravalitera |first = P |title = Origine Confuse des Vazimba du Betsiriry |work = Journal Express |publisher = Madatana.com |url=http://www.madatana.com/article-origine-confuse-des-vazimba-du-betsiriry.php |archiveurl =https://www.webcitation.org/604hJwBma |accessdate =11 November 2010 |archivedate = 10 July 2011|language=fr}}</ref> An epic poem exemplifying these traditions, the ''[[Ibonia]]'', has been handed down over the centuries in several different forms across the island, and offers insight into the diverse mythologies and beliefs of traditional Malagasy communities.<ref>{{cite web |title = Ibonia: the text in 17 sections |last = Unknown |publisher = University of Virginia |accessdate =15 November 2010 |url = http://xroads.virginia.edu/~Public/Ibonia/text.html |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/604h5KUmV |archivedate = 10 July 2011}}</ref> This tradition was continued in the 20th century by such artists as [[Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo]], who is considered Africa's first modern poet,<ref>Rabearivelo (2007), p. x</ref> and [[Elie Rajaonarison]], an exemplar of the new wave of Malagasy poetry.<ref>Auzias & Labourdette (2007), p. 142</ref> Madagascar has also developed a rich [[Music of Madagascar|musical heritage]], embodied in dozens of regional musical genres such as the coastal ''[[salegy]]'' or highland ''[[hiragasy]]'' that enliven village gatherings, local dance floors and national airwaves.<ref name="Randrianary">Randrianary (2001), pp.&nbsp;109–137</ref> Madagascar also has a growing culture of classical music fostered through youth academies, organizations and orchestras that promote youth involvement in classical music.