సహాయం:Convert units

Template {{convert}} is used to convert a value from one unit of measurement to another. This page documents some features of units, and lists units that are commonly used in conversions.

• Help:Convert • Overview
• Module:Convert/documentation/conversion data/doc • Full list of units
• Help:Convert messages • Error and warning messages

Default output

If no output unit is specified, the default output for the input unit will be used. Using defaults provides greater uniformity across articles.

Some options provide text that the template may mistakenly use for the output unit, if none is specified. That can be avoided by providing an empty output unit, as shown in the following examples.

• {{convert|4|ft}} → 4 అడుగులు (1.2 మీ.)
• {{convert|4|ft|adj=mid|-long}} → 4-అడుగు ()
• {{convert|4|ft||adj=mid|-long}} → 4-అడుగు-long (1.2 మీ.)

The second of the above examples produces an error because "-long" is interpreted as the name of the output unit. The third example avoids that by specifying an empty output unit which means "use the default".

The following also works, although it sets the output precision to 0.

• {{convert|4|ft|0|adj=mid|-long}} → 4-అడుగు-long (1 మీ.)

The last example works because "|0" sets the output precision to zero, and convert does not look for an output unit once the precision has been specified because a precision is always given after the output unit, if any.

SI prefixes

The standard SI prefixes can applied to the following units.

Metric prefixes

Text Symbol Factor or yotta Y 1024 1000000000000000000000000 zetta Z 1021 1000000000000000000000 exa E 1018 1000000000000000000 peta P 1015 1000000000000000 tera T 1012 1000000000000 giga G 109 1000000000 mega M 106 1000000 kilo k 103 1000 hecto h 102 100 deca da 101 10 (none) (none)  1 deci d 10−1 0.1 centi c 10−2 0.01 milli m 10−3 0.001 micro μ 10−6 0.000001 nano n 10−9 0.000000001 pico p 10−12 0.000000000001 femto f 10−15 0.000000000000001 atto a 10−18 0.000000000000000001 zepto z 10−21 0.000000000000000000001 yocto y 10−24 0.000000000000000000000001

Unit type	Unit code	Unit name
Area	a	are
	m2	square metre
Charge	coulomb	coulomb
Energy	J	joule
Force	N	newton
Length	m	metre
Magnetic field strength	T	tesla
Mass	g	gram
Power	W	watt
Pressure	Pa	pascal
Radioactivity	Bq	becquerel
	Ci	curie
Time	s	second
Volume	L	litre
	l	litre
	m3	cubic metre

Some SI prefixes are demonstrated in the following. As a convenience, "micro" can be entered as "u" instead of "μ".

• {{convert|1.23|Gm|angstrom}} → 1.23 గిగామీటర్లు (1.23×10¹⁹ Å)
• {{convert|1.23|Mm|angstrom}} → 1.23 మెగామీటర్లు (1.23×10¹⁶ Å)
• {{convert|1.23|Ts|hour}} → 1.23 టెరాseconds (340,000,000 h)
• {{convert|1.23|nJ|Wh}} → 1.23 నానోjoules (3.4×10⁻¹³ Wh)
• {{convert|1.23|μm|in}} → 1.23 మైక్రోమీటర్లు (4.8×10⁻⁵ అం.)
• {{convert|1.23|um|in}} → 1.23 మైక్రోమీటర్లు (4.8×10⁻⁵ అం.)
• {{convert|1.23|um|uin|abbr=on}} → 1.23 μమీ. (48 μin)
• {{convert|18|mm|in}} → 18 మిల్లీమీటర్లు (0.71 అం.)
• {{convert|18|km|mi}} → 18 కిలోమీటర్లు (11 మై.)

The above demonstrates that "uin" is the unit code for microinch.

Combinations

An input unit can be converted to any number of output units—the outputs are specified as a "combination" by separating unit codes with a space (" ") or a plus ("+"). Using a space as a separator does not work if any of the unit codes contains a space.

For example, each of the following converts 1.2 km² to acres, square yards, and hectares.

• {{convert|1.2|km2|acre sqyd ha}} → 1.2 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్లు (300 ఎకరం; 1,400,000 sq yd; 120 హె.)
• {{convert|1.2|km2|acre+sqyd+ha}} → 1.2 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్లు (300 ఎకరం; 1,400,000 sq yd; 120 హె.)

In the following, because "board feet" contains a space, using a space to make a combination fails.

• {{convert|123|cuyd|m3 board feet}} → 123 cubic yards ()
• {{convert|123|cuyd|m3+board feet}} → 123 cubic yards (94 మీ³; 40,000 board feet)

The following converts a pressure to four output units. The precision is 1 (1 decimal place), and units are abbreviated and linked.

• {{convert|895|hPa|psi inHg atm mbar|1|abbr=on|lk=on}} → 895 hPa (13.0 psi; 26.4 inHg; 0.9 atm; 895.0 mbar)

It is preferable to use "+" to separate output units when the first unit uses engineering notation; that avoids looking up the unit in Module:Convert/extra.

• {{convert|1.2|AU|e6km+e6mi|abbr=on}} → 1.2 AU (180×10^⁶ కి.మీ.; 110×10^⁶ మై.)
• {{convert|1.2|AU|e6km+e6mi|abbr=unit}} → 1.2 AU (180 మిలియన్ కి.మీ.; 110 మిలియన్ మై.)

Some "standard" combinations have been defined—see the full list of units.

Engineering notation

Most units can be combined with a scale factor, for example, e6km represents a million kilometres. The following prefixes may be used; per WP:NUMERAL, values follow the short scale. If lk is on, the numbers are linked as shown below.

• e3 (thousand)
• e6 (million)
• e9 (billion)
• e12 (trillion)
• e15 (quadrillion)

Engineering notation can only be applied to simple units—temperatures, combinations, and some other special units will not work.

Some examples using engineering notation follow.

• {{convert|123.4|e3m2}} → 123.4 వేయి చదరపు మీటర్లు (1.328×10^⁶ sq ft)
• {{convert|123.4|e3m2|e6sqft|abbr=off}} → 123.4 వేయి చదరపు మీటర్లు (1.328 మిలియన్ square feet)
• {{convert|1.23|e6L}} → 1.23 మిలియన్ litres (320,000 US gal)
• {{convert|1.23|e6L|e3usgal|abbr=off|lk=on|sp=us}} → 1.23 మిలియన్ liters (320 వేయి U.S. gallons)
• {{convert|1.23|e9impgal}} → 1.23 బిలియన్ imperial gallons (5.6 Gl)
• {{convert|1.23|e9impgal|e3usgal|abbr=off|lk=on}} → 1.23 బిలియన్ imperial gallons (1,480,000 వేయి US gallons)
• {{convert|1.23|e12cuft}} → 1.23 ట్రిలియన్ ఘనపు అడుగులు (35×10^⁹ మీ³)

Units

Area

Examples:

• {{convert|1.5|sqmi|km2}} → 1.5 చదరపు మైళ్లు (3.9 కి.మీ²)
• {{convert|1.5|sqmi|km2|abbr=off}} → 1.5 చదరపు మైళ్లు (3.9 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్లు)
• {{convert|1.5|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} → 1.5 చ. మై. (3.9 కి.మీ²)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
acre	ఎకరం	ఎకరం
ha	హె.	హెక్టారు
m2	మీ2	చదరపు మీటరు	square meter
cm2	cమీ2	చదరపు సెంటీమీటరు	square సెంటీmeter
km2	కి.మీ2	చదరపు కిలోమీటరు	square కిలోmeter
sqin	sq in	square inch
sqft	sq ft	square foot
sqyd	sq yd	square yard
sqmi	చ. మై.	చదరపు మైలు

Fuel efficiency

Examples:

• {{convert|12|mpgus|km/L}} → 12 మైళ్లు per US gallon (5.1 కి.మీ./L)
• {{convert|12|mpgus|km/L|abbr=off}} → 12 మైళ్లు per US gallon (5.1 కిలోమీటర్లు per litre)
• {{convert|12|mpgus|km/L|abbr=off|sp=us}} → 12 మైళ్లు per U.S. gallon (5.1 కిలోమీటర్లు per liter)
• {{convert|12|mpgus|km/L|abbr=on}} → 12 mpg_‑US (5.1 కి.మీ./L)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
km/L	కి.మీ./L	కిలోమీటరు per litre	కిలోమీటరు per liter
mpgimp	mpg‑imp	మైలు per imperial gallon
mpgus	mpg‑US	మైలు per US gallon	మైలు per U.S. gallon
L/km	L/కి.మీ.	litre per కిలోమీటరు	liter per కిలోమీటరు
L/100 km	L/100 కి.మీ.	litre per 100 కిలోమీటర్లు	liter per 100 కిలోమీటర్లు

Length

Examples:

• {{convert|123|cm|in}} → 123 సెంటీమీటర్లు (48 అం.)
• {{convert|123|cm|in|abbr=off|sp=us}} → 123 సెంటీమీటర్లు (48 అంగుళాలు)
• {{convert|123|cm|in|abbr=on}} → 123 cమీ. (48 అం.)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
uin	μin	microinch
in	అం.	అంగుళం
ft	అ.	అడుగు
yd	yd	yard
mi	మై.	మైలు
nmi	nmi	nautical mile
m	మీ.	మీటరు
cm	cమీ.	సెంటీమీటరు
mm	mమీ.	మిల్లీమీటరు
km	కి.మీ.	కిలోమీటరు
angstrom	Å	ångström

Mass

Examples:

• {{convert|72.3|kg|lb}} → 72.3 కిలోగ్రాములు (159 పౌ.)
• {{convert|72.3|kg|lb|abbr=off}} → 72.3 కిలోగ్రాములు (159 పౌన్లు)
• {{convert|72.3|kg|lb|abbr=on}} → 72.3 కి.గ్రా. (159 పౌ.)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
g	గ్రా.	గ్రాము
kg	కి.గ్రా.	కిలోగ్రాము
oz	oz	ounce
lb	పౌ.	పౌను
st	st	stone
LT	long ton	long ton
MT	ట.	మెట్రిక్ టన్
ST	short ton	short ton

Pressure

Examples:

• {{convert|28|psi|Pa}} → 28 pounds per square inch (190,000 Pa)
• {{convert|28|psi|Pa|abbr=off}} → 28 pounds per square inch (190,000 pascals)
• {{convert|28|psi|Pa|abbr=on}} → 28 psi (190,000 Pa)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
atm	atm	standard atmosphere
mbar	mbar	millibar
psi	psi	pound per square inch
Pa	Pa	pascal

Speed

Examples:

• {{convert|60|mph|km/h}} → 60 miles per hour (97 km/h)
• {{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=off}} → 60 miles per hour (97 kilometres per hour)
• {{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} → 60 mph (97 km/h)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
km/h	km/h	kilometre per hour	kilometer per hour
km/s	km/s	kilometre per second	kilometer per second
kn	kn	knot
mph	mph	mile per hour

Temperature

Examples:

• {{convert|100|C|F}} → 100 °C (212 °F)
• {{convert|100|C|F|abbr=off}} → 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit)
• {{convert|100|C-change|F-change}} → 100 °C (180 °F)
• {{convert|100|C-change|F-change|abbr=out}} → 100 degrees Celsius change (180 °F)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
C	°C	degree Celsius
F	°F	degree Fahrenheit
K	K	kelvin
C-change	°C	degree Celsius change
F-change	°F	degree Fahrenheit change
K-change	K	kelvin change

Torque

Examples:

• {{convert|12.5|Nm|lb.in}} → 12.5 newton metres (111 lb⋅in)
• {{convert|12.5|Nm|lb.in|abbr=off}} → 12.5 newton metres (111 pound force-inchs)
• {{convert|12.5|Nm|lb.in|abbr=on|lk=on}} → 12.5 N⋅m (111 lb⋅in)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
lb.in	lb⋅in	pound force-inch
lb.ft	lb⋅ft	pound force-foot
Nm	N⋅m	newton metre	newton meter

Volume

Examples:

• {{convert|125|cuin|l}} → 125 cubic inches (2.05 L)
• {{convert|125|cuin|l|abbr=off}} → 125 cubic inches (2.05 litres)
• {{convert|125|cuin|l|abbr=on}} → 125 cu in (2.05 L)

Unit code	Unit symbol	Unit name	US name, if different
cuin	cu in	cubic inch
cuft	ఘ.అ.	ఘనపు అడుగ
cuyd	cu yd	cubic yard
cumi	cu mi	cubic mile
impgal	imp gal	imperial gallon
impoz	imp fl oz	imperial fluid ounce
usgal	US gal	US gallon	U.S. gallon
usoz	US fl oz	US fluid ounce	U.S. fluid ounce
L	L	litre	liter
l	L	litre	liter
m3	మీ3	ఘనపు మీటరు	ఘనపు మీటర్లు
cc	cc	cubic centimetre	cubic centimeter
mm3	mమీ3	ఘనపు మిల్లీమీటరు	ఘనపు మిల్లీమీటర్లు

Hands (unit of length)

A hand is a unit of length used to measure the height of horses. One hand is four inches, and a value of 12.3 hands represents 12 hands + 3 inches (51 inches).

Output name

• By default, the unit is shown as a linked name (hands).
• The hands unit can be abbreviated to "h" or to "hh"; by default, abbreviations are not linked.

  {{convert|27|in|hand}} → 27 అంగుళాలు (6.3 hands)

  {{convert|27|in|hand|lk=off}} → 27 అంగుళాలు (6.3 hands)

  {{convert|27|in|hand|abbr=h}} → 27 అం. (6.3 h)

  {{convert|27|in|hand|abbr=hh}} → 27 అం. (6.3 hh)

  {{convert|27|in|hand|abbr=hh|lk=out}} → 27 అం. (6.3 hh)

Output value

• The hands value has at most one digit after the decimal mark, and has an optional fraction.
• A precision of 2 assumes |frac=2 (round to nearest ½ inch).
• A precision of 3 or more assumes |frac=4 (round to nearest ¼ inch).
• If ever needed, |frac=8 can be used to round to the nearest ⅛ inch.

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (7.0 hands)

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand|0}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (7 hands)

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand|1}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (7.0 hands)

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand|2}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (6.3+1⁄2 hands)

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand|3}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (6.3+3⁄4 hands)

  {{convert|27.63|in|hand|frac=8}} → 27.63 అంగుళాలు (6.3+5⁄8 hands)

  {{convert|28.5|in|hand|2}} → 28.5 అంగుళాలు (7.0+1⁄2 hands)

  {{convert|28.5|in|hand|3}} → 28.5 అంగుళాలు (7.0+1⁄2 hands)

Output in hands and inches

• When using "hand in" to convert to hands and inches, the rounded hands and inches values are equivalent, and use the same fraction, if any.
• Special rounding of the inches value only occurs when "hand in" is the output. For example, if the output is "in hand", the inches value is rounded independently from the hands value.

  {{convert|156|cm|hand in}} → 156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (15.1 hands; 61 అం.)

  {{convert|156|cm|hand in|2}} → 156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (15.1+1⁄2 hands; 61+1⁄2 అం.)

  {{convert|156|cm|in hand}} → 156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (61 అం.; 15.1 hands)

  {{convert|156|cm|in hand|2}} → 156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (61.42 అం.; 15.1+1⁄2 hands)

  {{convert|156|cm|hand in|abbr=out}} → 156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (15.1 h; 61 అం.)

  {{convert|156|cm|hand in|abbr=h}} → 156 cమీ. (15.1 h; 61 అం.)

  {{convert|156|cm|hand in|abbr=hh}} → 156 cమీ. (15.1 hh; 61 అం.)

Ranges

• A range of values can be indicated with "-" (hyphen) or "to". When a dash is displayed by convert, it is always an en dash.
• Alternatively, "and" and "or" can be used.

  {{convert|137|-|156|cm|hand in}} → 137–156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2–15.1 hands; 54–61 అం.)

  {{convert|137|-|156|cm|hand in|2}} → 137–156 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2–15.1+1⁄2 hands; 54–61+1⁄2 అం.)

  {{convert|137|-|156|cm|hand in|abbr=in}} → 137–156 cమీ. (13.2–15.1 hands; 54–61 అంగుళాలు)

  {{convert|137|-|156|cm|hand in|abbr=h}} → 137–156 cమీ. (13.2–15.1 h; 54–61 అం.)

  {{convert|137|-|156|cm|hand in|abbr=on}} → 137–156 cమీ. (13.2–15.1 h; 54–61 అం.)

  {{convert|137|and|156|cm|hand in|abbr=on}} → 137 -- 156 cమీ. (13.2 -- 15.1 h; 54 -- 61 అం.)

  {{convert|137|or|156|cm|hand in|abbr=on}} → 137 లేక 156 cమీ. (13.2 లేక 15.1 h; 54 లేక 61 అం.)

Examples

• The following examples illustrate various combinations of options.

  {{convert|57|in|hand}} → 57 అంగుళాలు (14.1 hands)

  {{convert|2|m|hand}} → 2 మీటర్లు (19.3 hands)

  {{convert|137|cm|hand|2}} → 137 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2 hands)

  {{convert|137|cm|hand|2|sp=us}} → 137 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2 hands)

  {{convert|14.1|hand|in}} → 14.1 hands (57 అంగుళాలు)

  {{convert|14.1|hand|cm}} → 14.1 hands (145 cమీ.)

  {{convert|14.1|hand|in cm}} → 14.1 hands (57 అంగుళాలు; 145 cమీ.)

  {{convert|14.1|hand|cm in}} → 14.1 hands (145 cమీ.; 57 అంగుళాలు)

  {{convert|14.1|-|14.3|hand|cm}} → 14.1–14.3 hands (145–150 cమీ.)

  {{convert|14.1|-|14.3|hand|in cm}} → 14.1–14.3 hands (57–59 అంగుళాలు; 145–150 cమీ.)

  {{convert|50|-|57|in|hand}} → 50–57 అంగుళాలు (12.2–14.1 hands)

  {{convert|2|-|3|m|hand}} → 2–3 మీటర్లు (19.3–29.2 hands)

  {{convert|57|or|59|in|hand|abbr=on}} → 57 లేక 59 అం. (14.1 లేక 14.3 h)

  {{convert|137|-|139|cm|hand|lk=on}} → 137–139 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2–13.3 hands)

  {{convert|137|and|162|cm|hand|0|abbr=in|lk=in}} → 137 -- 162 cమీ. (13 -- 16 hands)

  {{convert|137|and|162|cm|hand in}} → 137 -- 162 సెంటీమీటర్లు (13.2 -- 16.0 hands; 54 -- 64 అం.)

  {{convert|9.2|hand}} → 9.2 hands (38 అంగుళాలు; 97 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2|hand|lk=off}} → 9.2 hands (38 అంగుళాలు; 97 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2|hand|abbr=h}} → 9.2 h (38 అం.; 97 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2|hand|abbr=h|lk=in}} → 9.2 h (38 అం.; 97 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2|hand|abbr=hh|lk=in}} → 9.2 hh (38 అం.; 97 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2+1/2|hand}} → 9.2+1⁄2 hands (38.5 అంగుళాలు; 98 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand}} → 9.2+3⁄4 hands (38.75 అంగుళాలు; 98 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|abbr=h}} → 9.2+3⁄4 h (38.75 అం.; 98 cమీ.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|cm in}} → 9.2+3⁄4 hands (98 cమీ.; 38.75 అంగుళాలు)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|cm in|abbr=out}} → 9.2+3⁄4 hands (98 cమీ.; 38.75 అం.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|cm in|abbr=on}} → 9.2+3⁄4 h (98 cమీ.; 38.75 అం.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|in}} → 9.2+3⁄4 hands (38.75 అంగుళాలు)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|in|abbr=out}} → 9.2+3⁄4 hands (38.75 అం.)

  {{convert|9.2+3/4|hand|in|abbr=on}} → 9.2+3⁄4 h (38.75 అం.)

  {{convert|15.1|-|16.3|hand}} → 15.1–16.3 hands (61–67 అంగుళాలు; 155–170 cమీ.)

  {{convert|14.2|to|16.1|hand}} → 14.2 నుండి 16.1 hands (58 నుండి 65 అంగుళాలు; 147 నుండి 165 cమీ.)