సహాయం:IPA for English: కూర్పుల మధ్య తేడాలు

పంక్తి 138:
| valign="top" |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="45"| [[Vowelఅచ్చులు]]s
|-
! IPA !! పూర్తి అచ్చులు !! colspan="2" | ... ''ర''తో ముగిసేవి !! తెలుగులో
! IPA !! Full vowels !! colspan="2" | ... followed by R<ref> In [[Rhotic and non-rhotic accents|non-rhotic accents]] like RP, {{IPA|/r/}} is not pronounced unless followed by a vowel. In some Wikipedia articles, {{IPA|/ɪər/}} ''etc.'' may not be distinguished from {{IPA|/ɪr/}} ''etc.'' These should be fixed to correspond with the chart here.</ref>
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɑː}}</big>
పంక్తి 146:
|<big>{{IPA|ɑr}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|st'''ar'''t}}, b'''ar'''d, b'''ar'''n, sn'''ar'''l, st'''ar''' (also {{IPA|/ɑːr./}})
| '''ఆ'''
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɒ}}</big>
Line 151 ⟶ 152:
|<big>{{IPA|ɒr}}</big>
| align=left|m'''or'''al, f'''or'''age
| ఆ'''~'''ఫ్
|-
|<big>{{IPA|æ}}</big>
Line 156 ⟶ 158:
|<big>{{IPA|ær}}</big>
| align=left|b'''arr'''ow, m'''arr'''y<ref>Pronounced the same as {{IPA|/ɛr/}} in accents with the [[Mary–marry–merry merger]].</ref>
| మే'''~'''క
|-
|rowspan="2" |<big>{{IPA|aɪ}}</big>
| rowspan="2" align=left|{{sc|pr'''i'''ce}}, r'''i'''de, f'''i'''le, f'''i'''ne, p'''ie'''
| rowspan="2" align=left|{{sc|pr'''i'''ce}}, r'''i'''de, f'''i'''le, f'''i'''ne, p'''ie'''<ref>Many speakers, for example in most of Canada and much of the United States, have a different vowel in ''price'' and ''ride''. Generally, an {{IPA|[aɪ]}} is used at the ends of words and before voiced sounds, as in ''ride, file, fine, pie,'' while an {{IPA|[ʌɪ]}} is used before voiceless sounds, as in ''price'' and ''write''. Because {{IPA|/t/}} and {{IPA|/d/}} are often conflated in the middle of words in these dialects, derivatives of these words, such as ''rider'' and ''writer'', may be distinguished only by their vowel: {{IPA|[ˈɹʷ'''aɪ'''ɾəɹ], [ˈɹʷ'''ʌɪ'''ɾəɹ]}}. However, even though the value of {{IPA|/aɪ/}} is not predictable in some words, such as ''spider'' {{IPA|[ˈsp'''ʌɪ'''ɾəɹ]}},{{fact}} dictionaries do not generally record it, so it has not been allocated a separate transcription here.</ref>
|<big> {{IPA|aɪər}}</big>
| align=left|'''Ire'''land, h'''ire''' ({{IPA|/aɪr./}})
|rowspan="2" |'''ఐ'''
|-
|<big> {{IPA|aɪ.ər}}</big>
Line 169 ⟶ 173:
|<big> {{IPA|aʊər}}</big>
| align=left|fl'''our''' ({{IPA|/aʊr./}})
|rowspan="2" |'''ఔ'''
|-
|<big> {{IPA|aʊ.ər}}</big>
Line 177 ⟶ 182:
|<big> {{IPA|ɛr}}</big>
| align=left|'''err'''or, m'''err'''y<ref name="E" />
| ~'''ఎ'''
|-
|rowspan="2" |<big>{{IPA|eɪ}}</big>
Line 182 ⟶ 188:
|<big>{{IPA|ɛər}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|squ'''are'''}}, m'''are''', sc'''ar'''ce, c'''air'''n, M'''ar'''y ({{IPA|/eɪr./}})<ref>Pronounced the same as {{IPA|/ɛr/}} in accents with the [[Mary–marry–merry merger]]. Often transcribed as {{IPA|/eə/}} by British dictionaries and as {{IPA|/er/}} by American ones. The OED uses {{IPA|/ɛː/}} for BrE and {{IPA|/ɛ(ə)r/}} for AmE.[http://www.oed.com/public/keytopronunciation]</ref>
|rowspan="2" | వె'''~'''య్
|-
|<big>{{IPA|eɪ.ər}}</big>
Line 190 ⟶ 197:
|<big>{{IPA|ɪr}}</big>
| align=left|m'''irr'''or, S'''ir'''ius
| ~'''ఇ'''
|-
|rowspan="2" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big>
Line 195 ⟶ 203:
| <big>{{IPA|ɪər}}
| align=left |{{sc|n'''ear'''}}, b'''ear'''d, f'''ier'''ce, s'''er'''ious ({{IPA|/iːr./}})<ref>Same as {{IPA|/ɪr/}} in accents with the [[mirror–nearer merger]].</ref>
|rowspan="2" | '''ఈ'''
|-
| <big>{{IPA|iː.ər}}
Line 203 ⟶ 212:
|<big>{{IPA|ɔr}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|n'''or'''th}}, b'''or'''n, w'''ar''', L'''aur'''a ({{IPA|/ɔːr./}})
|rowspan="2" | బా'''~'''లు (బంతి)
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɔː.ər}}</big>
Line 211 ⟶ 221:
|<big> {{IPA|ɔɪər}}</big>
| align=left|[[wiktionary:loir|l'''oir''']] ({{IPA|/ɔɪr./}})
|rowspan="2" | బా'''~'''య్ (బాలుడు)
|-
|<big> {{IPA|ɔɪ.ər}}</big>
Line 219 ⟶ 230:
|<big> {{IPA|ɔər}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|f'''or'''ce}}, m'''ore''', b'''oar''', '''or'''al ({{IPA|/oʊr./}})<ref>{{IPA|/ɔər/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/ɔr/}} in dialects with the [[English-language vowel changes before historic r#Horse–hoarse merger|horse–hoarse merger]], which include most dialects of modern English.</ref>
|rowspan="2" | కొ'''~'''వ్వు
|-
|<big> {{IPA|oʊ.ər}}</big>
Line 227 ⟶ 239:
|<big> {{IPA|ʊr}}</big>
| align=left|c'''our'''ier
| ~'''ఉ'''
|-
|rowspan="2" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big>
Line 232 ⟶ 245:
|<big> {{IPA|ʊər}}</big>
| align=left|b'''oor''', m'''oor''', t'''our'''ist ({{IPA|/uːr./}})<ref>{{IPA|/ʊər/}} is not distinguished from {{IPA|/ɔr/}} in dialects with the [[English-language vowel changes before historic r#Pour–poor merger|pour–poor merger]], including many younger speakers.</ref>
|rowspan="2" | '''ఊ'''
|-
|<big> {{IPA|uː.ər}}</big>
Line 240 ⟶ 254:
|<big> {{IPA|jʊər}}</big>
| align=left|c'''ure'''
| rowspan="2" |'''యూ'''
|-
|<big> {{IPA|juː.ər}}</big>
Line 248 ⟶ 263:
|<big>{{IPA|ʌr}}</big>
| align=left|b'''or'''ough, h'''urr'''y
| rowspan="2" |~'''అ'''
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɜr}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|n'''ur'''se}}, w'''or'''d, g'''ir'''l, f'''er'''n, f'''urr'''y
|-
! colspan="45" | [[Vowelపరిమిత reduction in English|Reduced vowels]]అచ్చులు
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ə}}</big>
Line 258 ⟶ 274:
|<big>{{IPA|ər}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|lett'''er'''}}, p'''er'''ceive
| ఆ'''~'''మెన్
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɨ}}</big>
Line 263 ⟶ 280:
|<big>{{IPA|ən}}</big>
| align=left|butt'''on'''
| ఇ-ఉ మధ్య
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ɵ}}</big>
Line 268 ⟶ 286:
|<big>{{IPA|əm}}</big>
| align=left|rhyth'''m'''
| ఒ-ఉ మధ్య
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ʉ}}</big>
Line 273 ⟶ 292:
|<big>{{IPA|əl}}</big>
| align=left|bott'''le'''
| '''ఉ'''-అ మధ్య
|-
| <big>{{IPA|i}}</big>
| align=left|{{sc|happ'''y'''}}, ser'''i'''ous<ref>Pronounced {{IPA|[iː]}} in dialects with the [[Phonological_history_of_English_high_front_vowels#Happy_tensing|happy tensing]], {{IPA|[ɪ]}} in other dialects. British convention used to transcribe it with {{angle bracket|{{IPA|ɪ}}}}, but the OED and other influential dictionaries recently converted to {{angle bracket|{{IPA|i}}}}.</ref> <small style="white-space: nowrap">(either {{IPA|ɪ}} or {{IPA|iː}})</small>
|<big>{{IPA|ᵊ, ⁱ}}</big>
| align=left|(ఇ అచ్చు తరచుగా వదిలివేయబడతాది)
| align=left|(vowel is frequently dropped: nasturt'''i'''um)
| '''ఇ'''
|-
| colspan="4" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px" | &nbsp;
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Stress (linguistics)|Stress]]ఒత్తిడి
! colspan="2" | [[Syllabification]]ధ్వనులు విడగొట్టుట
|-
! IPA !! Examples
Line 290 ⟶ 311:
| align=left rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|'''in'''to'''na'''tion {{IPA|/ˌɪntɵˈneɪʃən/}},<ref>It is arguable that there is no phonemic distinction in English between primary and secondary stress (vd. Ladefoged 1993), but it is conventional to notate them as here.</ref>}} <br>'''bat'''tleship {{IPA|/ˈbætəlʃɪp/}}<ref>Full vowels following a stressed syllable, such as the ''ship'' in ''battleship,'' are marked with secondary stress in some dictionaries (Merriam-Webster), but not in others (the OED). Such syllables are not actually stressed.</ref>
| rowspan="2" |<big>{{IPA|.}}</big>
| rowspan="2" align=left|moai {{IPA|/ˈmoʊ.aɪ/}}, Windhoek {{IPA|/ˈvɪnt.hʊk/}}<br>Vancouveria {{IPA|/væn.kuːˈvɪəriə/}}<br>Mikey {{IPA|/ˈmaɪki/}}, [[Myki]] {{IPA|/ˈmaɪ.kiː/}}<ref>Syllables are indicated sparingly, where necessary to avoid confusion, for example to break up sequences of vowels (''moai'') or consonant clusters which an English speaker might misread as a [[digraph (orthography)|digraph]] (''Vancouveria, Windhoek'').<br>Several dictionaries, such as the OED, do not indicate stress for words of one syllable. Thus ''hire'' {{IPA|/ˈhaɪər/}} is transcribed {{angbr|{{IPA|haɪə(r)}}}}, without a stress mark, contrasting with ''higher'' {{IPA|/ˈhaɪ.ər/}}, which is transcribed {{angbr|{{IPA|ˈhaɪə(r)}}}}, without a syllable mark.</ref>
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ˌ}}
|}
|}
 
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