వికీపీడియా

పెంపుడు జంతువు

Species Date Location of Origin Purpose
కుక్క (Canis lupus familiaris) 15,000 BC [1] East Asia hunting, shepherding, herding, companionship, pest control, meat, transportation
Sheep (Ovis orientalis aries) between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC[2][3] Southwest Asia wool, meat, milk, leather, vellum
పంది (Sus scrofa domestica) 9000 BC[4] Near East, China meat, leather, companionship
మేక (Capra aegagrus hircus) 8000 BC [5] Iran milk, meat
ఆవు (Bos primigenius taurus) captive-bred 8000 BC[6][7] India, Middle East, and Sub-Saharan Africa meat, milk, leather, muscle, vellum, transportation, soil fertilization
Zebu (Bos primigenius indicus) 8000 BC India meat, milk, leather, muscle, vellum, transportation, soil fertilization
పిల్లి (Felis silvestris catus) 7500 BC [8][9][10][11] Near East pest control, companionship, meat
కోడి (Gallus gallus domesticus) 6000 BC[12] India and Southeast Asia 1st for sport then later for utility, such as meat, eggs and feathers and companionship
Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) 5000 BC[13] Peru meat, companionship
గాడిద (Equus africanus asinus) 5000 BC[14][15] Egypt transportation, muscle, meat
బాతు (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) 4000 BC China meat/fat
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) 4000 BC భారత దేశము, China muscle, meat, milk
తేనెటీగ (Apis spp.) 4000 BC Multiple places honey, pollination
గుర్రం (Equus ferus caballus) 4000 BC[16] Eurasian Steppes meat, transportation, muscle, milk
ఒంటె (Camelus dromedarius) 4000 BC Arabia transportation, muscle, milk, meat
పట్టుపురుగు (Bombyx mori) 3000 BC China silk
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) 3000 BC [17] Russia meat, milk, muscle, antlers
పావురం (Columba livia) 3000 BC Mediterranean Basin show, messenger, meat
బాతు (Anser anser domesticus) 3000 BC [18] Egypt meat/fat, feathers, guarding
Yak (Bos grunniens) 2500 BC Tibet milk, muscle, meat, wool
ఒంటె (Camelus bactrianus) 2500 BC Central Asia milk, transportation, meat
Llama (Lama glama) 2400 BC [19] Peru transportation, muscle, meat
Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) 2400 BC [19] Peru milk, transportation, wool, meat
గిన్నికోడి (Numida meleagris) 2400 BC [20] Africa meat, eggs
ఏనుగు (Elephas maximus) 2000 BC Pakistan muscle, transportation
Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) 1500 BC Europe hunting, companionship
Fallow Deer (Dama dama) 1000 BC Mediterranean Basin meat, antlers
Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) 700–600 BC [19] South America meat/fat
Cochineal Insect (Oactylopius coccus) 700–500 BC [19] Chile, Mexico red dye
నెమలి (Pavo cristatus) 500 BC భారత దేశము show, feathers, meat
Barbary Dove (Streptopelia risoria) 500 BC North Africa show
Banteng (Bos javanicus) Unknown Southeast Asia, Java Island meat, milk, muscle
Gayal (Bos gaurus frontalis) Unknown Southeast Asia meat, muscle
Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) Unknown China meat, fat
Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) 180 AD [19] Mexico, United States meat, feathers
Stingless Bee (Melipona beecheii) 180 AD [19] Mexico, Amazon Basin honey
బంగారుచేప (Carassius auratus auratus) 300–400 AD China companionship
European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 600 AD [21] Europe meat, fur, felt, companionship
హంస (Cygnus olor) 1000–1500 Europe
Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) 1100–1900 Japan meat
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) 1200–1500 AD Europe, East Asia meat, show (koi)
Canary (Serinus canaria) 1600 Canary Islands, Europe companionship
Fancy rat (Rattus norvegicus) 1800s UK companionship
European Mink (Mustela lutreola) 1800s Europe fur
Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) 1850s Europe companionship
Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) 1870s Europe companionship
Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) 1900s Australia companionship
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 1930s United States companionship, research
Domesticated silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) 1950s Soviet Union fur, research
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) 1960s United States muscle, meat, milk

మూలాలు

మార్చు
  1. ↑ See Origin of the domestic dog
  2. ↑ Krebs, Robert E.; Carolyn A. (2003). Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions & Discoveries of the Ancient World. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-31342-3.
  3. ↑ Simmons, Paula; Carol Ekarius (2001). Storey's Guide to Raising Sheep. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing LLC. ISBN 978-1-58017-262-2.
  4. ↑ Giuffra E, Kijas JM, Amarger V, Carlborg O, Jeon JT, Andersson L (2000). "The origin of the domestic pig: independent domestication and subsequent introgression". Genetics. 154 (4): 1785–91. PMC 1461048. PMID 10747069.
  5. ↑ Melinda A. Zeder, Goat busters track domestication Archived 2012-02-04 at the Wayback Machine (Physiologic changes and evolution of goats into a domesticated animal), April 2000.
  6. ↑ "Late Neolithic megalithic structures at Nabta Playa (Sahara), southwestern Egypt". Archived from the original on 2008-02-13. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
  7. ↑ Source : Laboratoire de Préhistoire et Protohistoire de l'Ouest de la France [1] Archived 2009-06-26 at the Wayback Machine, (in French).
  8. ↑ [2], domestication of the cat on Cyprus, National Geographic.
  9. ↑ "Oldest Known Pet Cat? 9500-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus". National Geographic News. 2004-04-08. Retrieved 2007-03-06.
  10. ↑ Muir, Hazel (2004-04-08). "Ancient remains could be oldest pet cat". New Scientist. Retrieved 2007-11-23.
  11. ↑ Walton, Marsha (April 9, 2004). "Ancient burial looks like human and pet cat". CNN. Archived from the original on 2007-12-22. Retrieved 2007-11-23.
  12. ↑ West B.; Zhou B-X. (1989). "Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication" (PDF). World’s Poultry Science Journal. 45: 205–18. doi:10.1079/WPS19890012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-07-29. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
  13. ↑ History of the Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) in South America, a summary of the current state of knowledge
  14. ↑ Beja-Pereira; Albano (18 June 2004). "African Origins of the Domestic Donkey". Science. 304 (1781).
  15. ↑ Roger Blench, The history and spread of donkeys in Africa PDF (235 KB)
  16. ↑ The Domestication of the Horse Archived 2007-02-02 at the Wayback Machine; see also Domestication of the horse
  17. ↑ "Domestication of Reindeer". Archived from the original on 2009-03-16. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
  18. ↑ Geese: the underestimated species
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 D.L Johnson and B.K. Swartz, Jr. Evidence for Pre-Columbian Animal Domestication in the New World Archived 2020-01-10 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ↑ "Guinea Fowl". Archived from the original on 2010-06-23. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
  21. ↑ "Interesting Rabbit Domestication History". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
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