Uranium, 00 U Pronunciation (yuu -RAY-nee -əm ) Appearance silvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air
Group మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format Period period 7 Block f-block Electron configuration [Rn ] 5f3 6d1 7s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 Phase at STP solid Melting point 1405.3 K (1132.2 °C, 2070 °F) Boiling point 4404 K (4131 °C, 7468 °F) Density (near r.t. ) 19.1 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 17.3 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 9.14 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 417.1 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 27.665 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
2325
2564
2859
3234
3727
4402
Oxidation state s−1,[ 3] +1, +2, +3,[ 4] +4 , +5, +6 (an amphoteric oxide) Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.38 Ionization energies 1st: 597.6 kJ/mol 2nd: 1420 kJ/mol Atomic radius empirical: 156 pm Covalent radius 196±7 pm Van der Waals radius 186 pm Spectral line s of uraniumNatural occurrence primordial Crystal structure orthorhombic Speed of sound thin rod 3155 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion 13.9 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 27.5 W/(m⋅K) Electrical resistivity 0.280 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C) Magnetic ordering paramagnetic Young's modulus 208 GPa Shear modulus 111 GPa Bulk modulus 100 GPa Poisson ratio 0.23 CAS Number 7440-61-1 Naming after planet Uranus , itself named after Greek god of the sky Uranus Discovery Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789) First isolation Eugène-Melchior Péligot (1841) Template:infobox uranium isotopes does not exist Category: Uranium | references
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium" . CIAAW . 1999.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)" . Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi :10.1515/pac-2019-0603 . ISSN 1365-3075 .
↑ Th(-I) and U(-I) have been detected in the gas phase as octacarbonyl anions; see Chaoxian, Chi; Sudip, Pan; Jiaye, Jin; Luyan, Meng; Mingbiao, Luo; Lili, Zhao; Mingfei, Zhou; Gernot, Frenking (2019). "Octacarbonyl Ion Complexes of Actinides [An(CO)8 ]+/− (An=Th, U) and the Role of f Orbitals in Metal–Ligand Bonding" . Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 25 (50): 11772–11784 . 25 (50): 11772–11784. doi :10.1002/chem.201902625 . ISSN 0947-6539 . PMC 6772027 . PMID 31276242 .
↑
↑ Morss, L.R.; Edelstein, N.M. and Fuger, J., ed. (2006). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 9048131464 . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link )
Infoboxes for the chemical element s use the core template {{ Infobox element }} .
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ionization energy comment
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Parameter list
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{{Infobox element
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|heat capacity=
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|number of ionization energies=
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<!-- Miscellanea -->
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|band gap=
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|Curie point K=
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|magnetic ordering=
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|Young's modulus=
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|Mohs hardness 2=
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|Vickers hardness=
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|Brinell hardness=
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|CAS number=
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<!-- Isotopes -->
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}}
{{ Infobox element }} ; labels & notes:
(Image)
GENERAL PROPERTIES
Name
Symbol
Pronunciation (data central)
Alternative name(s)
Allotropes
Appearance
<element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE
Periodic table
Atomic number
Standard atomic weight (data central)
Element category (also header bg color)
(sets header bg color, over 'series='-color)
Group
Period
Block
Electron configuration
Electrons per shell
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
(general note)
Color
Phase
Melting point
Boiling point
Sublimation point
Density [g/L at s.t.p.]
Density [kg/m3 at s.t.p.]
Density [g/cm3 near room temperature]
[g/cm3 near r.t.], #2
[g/cm3 near r.t.], #3
Density (liquid, melting point) [g/cm3]
Density (liquid, boiling point) [g/cm3]
Molar volume
Unit defaults to cm3/mol
otherwise set unit prefix=d for dm3/mol (gases)
Triple point
Critical point
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Vapor pressure
Vapor pressure
ATOMIC PROPERTIES
Electronegativity
Ionization energy
Atomic radius
Covalent radius
Van der Waals radius
MISCELLANEA
Crystal structure
Crystal structure
Speed of sound
Thermal expansion
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Electrical resistivity
Band gap
Curie point
Magnetic ordering
Tensile strength
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Bulk modulus
Poisson ratio
Mohs hardness
Vickers hardness
Brinell hardness
CAS Number
HISTORY
Naming
Prediction
()
Discovery
()
First isolation
()
Discovery and first isolation (1 or 2 dates)
Named by
()
(History comment)
ISOTOPES OF <element>
Isotopes of <element>
(wp:engvar )
Isotopes
Isotopes are to be entered by the editor using these subtemplates:
Examples (from various elements):
| isotopes =
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable
| link=Fluorine-19 | mn=19 | sym=F | na=100% | n=10 }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay
| mn=251 | sym=Cf
| na=trace | hl=898 y
| dm=α | de=6.172 | link1=curium-247 | pn=247 | ps=Cm}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=252 | sym=Cf
| na=trace | hl=2.645 y
| dm1=α (96.91%)| de1=6.217 | link1=curium-248 | pn1=248 | ps1=Cm
| dm2=SF (3.09%)| de2=– | pn2= | ps2=–}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3
| mn=26 | sym=Al | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl={{val|7.17|e=5|ul=y}}
| dm1=[[Positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de1=1.17 | link1=magnesium-26
| pn1=26 | ps1=Mg
| dm2=[[electron capture|ε]] | de2=- | link2=magnesium-26 | pn2=26 | ps2=Mg
| dm3=[[Gamma radiation|γ]] | de3=1.8086 | pn3= | ps3=-
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1)
| mn=22 | sym=Na | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]]
| hl=[[1 E7 s|2.602]] [[year|y]] | dm1=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
| de1a=0.5454 | link1a=neon-22 | pn1a=22 | ps1a=Ne*
| de1b=1.27453(2)<ref name=npa521_1>{{cite journal
| last=Endt | first=P. M.
| title=Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII)
| journal=Nuclear Physics A | volume=521 | pages=1–400
| date=1990 | doi=10.1016/0375-9474(90)90598-G
| bibcode=1990NuPhA.521....1E
}}</ref> | pn1b=22 | ps1b=Ne
| dm2=[[electron capture|ε]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
| de2a=- | pn2a=22 | ps2a=Ne*
| de2b=1.27453(2)
| pn2b=22 | ps2b=Ne
| dm3=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de3=1.8200
| pn3=22 | ps3=Ne }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes_decay4 | mn=260 | sym=Md
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=31.8 [[day|d]]
| dm1=SF | de1=- | pn1= | ps1=-
| dm2=α | de2=7.000 | link2=einsteinium-256 | pn2=256 | ps2=Es
| dm3=ε | de3=- | link3=fermium-260 | pn3=260 | ps3=Fm
| dm4=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]]
| de4=1.000 | link4=nobelium-260 | pn4=260 | ps4=No}}
|isotopes comment=reference{{sfn|Chisté|2006}}<br>
* = [[excited state]]
produces the subtable:
Other subtemplates are used automatically; they do not need specific editor's input.
{{ Periodic table (32 columns, micro) }}
When atomic number ≥ 119, the miniature periodic table shows an extended version (period 8 and up). See, for example, {{ Infobox ununennium }} .
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.