మూస:లిథియం మూలకము

లిథియం, 00Li
Lithium floating in oil
లిథియం
Pronunciation/ˈlɪθiəm/ (LITH-ee-əm)
Appearancesilvery-white (shown floating in oil)
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Li)
లిథియం in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
H

Li

Na
హీలియంలిథియంబెరీలియం
Groupమూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Periodperiod 2
Block  s-block
Electron configuration[He] 2s1
Electrons per shell2, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point453.65 K ​(180.50 °C, ​356.90 °F)
Boiling point1615 K ​(1342 °C, ​2448 °F)
Density (near r.t.)0.534 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)0.512 g/cm3
Critical point(extrapolated)
3220 K, 67 MPa
Heat of fusion3.00 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization147.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.860 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0[3], +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.98
Atomic radiusempirical: 152 pm
Covalent radius128±7 pm
Van der Waals radius182 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of లిథియం
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc)
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for లిథియం
Speed of sound thin rod6000 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion46 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity84.8 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity92.8 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Young's modulus4.9 GPa
Shear modulus4.2 GPa
Bulk modulus11 GPa
Mohs hardness0.6
CAS Number7439-93-2
History
DiscoveryJohan August Arfwedson (1817)
First isolationWilliam Thomas Brande (1821)
Isotopes of లిథియం
Template:infobox లిథియం isotopes does not exist
 Category: లిథియం
| references

References

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Lithium". CIAAW. 2009.
  2. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. Li(0) atoms have been observed in various small lithium-chloride clusters; see Milovanović, Milan; Veličković, Suzana; Veljkovićb, Filip; Jerosimić, Stanka (October 30, 2017). "Structure and stability of small lithium-chloride LinClm(0,1+) (n ≥ m, n = 1–6, m = 1–3) clusters". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 19 (45): 30481–30497. doi:10.1039/C7CP04181K. PMID 29114648.