మూస:Infobox samarium

సమేరియం, ₀₀Sm
సమేరియం
Pronunciation	/səˈmɛəriəm/ (sə-MAIR-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Sm)
	150.36±0.02; 150.36±0.02 (abridged);
సమేరియం in the periodic table
	ప్రొమేథియం ← సమేరియం → యూరోపియం
Group	మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f6 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1345 K (1072 °C, 1962 °F)
Boiling point	2067 K (1794 °C, 3261 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	7.52 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.16 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.62 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	165 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	29.54 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0, +1, +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.17
Atomic radius	empirical: 180 pm
Covalent radius	198±8 pm
	Spectral lines of సమేరియం
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	rhombohedral
Speed of sound thin rod	2130 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 12.7 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity	13.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 0.940 µ Ω⋅m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	(α form) 49.7 GPa
Shear modulus	(α form) 19.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	(α form) 37.8 GPa
Poisson ratio	(α form) 0.274
Vickers hardness	412 MPa
Brinell hardness	441 MPa
CAS Number	7440-19-9
History
Discovery	లేకాక్ డి బోయిబాడ్రన్ (1879)
First isolation	లేకాక్ డి బోయిబాడ్రన్ (1879)
Isotopes of సమేరియం v; e;
	Template:infobox సమేరియం isotopes does not exist
	Category: సమేరియం; view; talk; edit; \| references

References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Samarium". CIAAW. 2005.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
↑ SmB₆^- cluster anion has been reported and contains Sm in rare oxidation state of +1; see Paul, J. Robinson; Xinxing, Zhang; Tyrel, McQueen; Kit, H. Bowen; Anastassia, N. Alexandrova (2017). "SmB₆^– Cluster Anion: Covalency Involving f Orbitals". J. Phys. Chem. A 2017, 121, 8, 1849–1854. 121 (8): 1849–1854. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.7b00247. PMID 28182423. S2CID 3723987..
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Samarium". CIAAW. 2005.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Cloke1993-3] Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.

[4] SmB₆^- cluster anion has been reported and contains Sm in rare oxidation state of +1; see Paul, J. Robinson; Xinxing, Zhang; Tyrel, McQueen; Kit, H. Bowen; Anastassia, N. Alexandrova (2017). "SmB₆^– Cluster Anion: Covalency Involving f Orbitals". J. Phys. Chem. A 2017, 121, 8, 1849–1854. 121 (8): 1849–1854. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.7b00247. PMID 28182423. S2CID 3723987..

[magnet-5] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

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