మూస:Infobox ytterbium

యిటెర్బియం, ₀₀Yb
యిటెర్బియం
Pronunciation	/ɪˈtɜːrbiəm/ (ih-TUR-bee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Yb)
	173.045±0.010; 173.05±0.02 (abridged);
యిటెర్బియం in the periodic table
	థులియం ← యిటెర్బియం → లుటీషియం
Group	మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1097 K (824 °C, 1515 °F)
Boiling point	1469 K (1196 °C, 2185 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	6.90 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.21 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.66 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	159 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.74 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0, +1, +2, +3 (a basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: ? 1.1
Atomic radius	empirical: 176 pm
Covalent radius	187±8 pm
	Spectral lines of యిటెర్బియం
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	1590 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (β, poly) 26.3 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity	38.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (β, poly) 0.250 µ Ω⋅m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	(β form) 23.9 GPa
Shear modulus	(β form) 9.9 GPa
Bulk modulus	(β form) 30.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	(β form) 0.207
Vickers hardness	206 MPa
Brinell hardness	343 MPa
CAS Number	7440-64-4
History
Discovery	Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878)
First isolation	Georges Urbain (1907)
Isotopes of యిటెర్బియం v; e;
	Template:infobox యిటెర్బియం isotopes does not exist
	Category: యిటెర్బియం; view; talk; edit; \| references

References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Ytterbium". CIAAW. 2015.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
↑ La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB₈⁻ clusters; see Li, Wan-Lu; Chen, Teng-Teng; Chen, Wei-Jia; Li, Jun; Wang, Lai-Sheng (2021). "Monovalent lanthanide(I) in borozene complexes". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6467. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26785-9. PMC 8578558. PMID 34753931.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Ytterbium". CIAAW. 2015.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Cloke1993-3] Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.

[LnI-4] La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB₈⁻ clusters; see Li, Wan-Lu; Chen, Teng-Teng; Chen, Wei-Jia; Li, Jun; Wang, Lai-Sheng (2021). "Monovalent lanthanide(I) in borozene complexes". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6467. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26785-9. PMC 8578558. PMID 34753931.

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