బోరాన్, 00 B boron (β-rhombohedral)
[ 1] Pronunciation (BOR -on Allotropes α-, β-rhombohedral, β-tetragonal (and more ) Appearance black-brown
Group మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format Period period 2 Block p-block Electron configuration [He ] 2s2 2p1 Electrons per shell 2, 3 Phase at STP solid Melting point 2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F) Boiling point 4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F) Density when liquid (at m.p. ) 2.08 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 50.2 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 480 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 11.087 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
2348
2562
2822
3141
3545
4072
Oxidation state s−5, −1, 0,[ 4] +3 [ 5] [ 6] acidic oxide) Electronegativity Pauling scale: 2.04 Ionization energies Atomic radius empirical: 90 pm Covalent radius 84±3 pm Van der Waals radius 192 pm Spectral line s of బోరాన్Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure rhombohedral Speed of sound thin rod 16,200 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion (β form) 5–7[ 7] Thermal conductivity 27.4 W/(m⋅K) Electrical resistivity ~106 Ω⋅m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic [ 8] Mohs hardness ~9.5 CAS Number 7440-42-8 Discovery Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard [ 9] (30 June 1808) First isolation Humphry Davy [ 10] (9 July 1808) Template:infobox బోరాన్ isotopes does not exist Category: బోరాన్ references
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ Van Setten et al. 2007, pp. 2460–1↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Boron" . CIAAW . 2009.↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)" . Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi :10.1515/pac-2019-0603 . ISSN 1365-3075 . ↑ Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science . 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode :2012Sci...336.1420B . doi :10.1126/science.1221138 . PMID 22700924 . S2CID 206540959 . ↑ Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF) . J. Molecular Spectroscopy . 170 (1): 82. Bibcode :1995JMoSp.170...82Z . doi :10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058 . ↑ Schroeder, Melanie. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (in జర్మన్). p. 139. ↑ Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter, D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci . 5 (5): 349–57. ↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) . CRC press. ISBN 0849304814 ↑ Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808) "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique," Annales de chimie [later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, pp. 169–174.
↑ Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London . 99 : 33–104. ↑ Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF) . J. Molecular Spectroscopy . 170 : 82. Bibcode :1995JMoSp.170...82Z . doi :10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058 . ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements" . National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 2008-09-21 .↑ Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters . 146 (3): 177. doi :10.1007/BF02165219 .
