మూస:Infobox cerium

సీరియం, ₀₀Ce
సీరియం
Pronunciation	/ˈsɪəriəm/ (SEER-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ce)
	140.116±0.001; 140.12±0.01 (abridged);
సీరియం in the periodic table
	లాంథనం ← సీరియం → ప్రాసియోడిమియం
Group	మూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1068 K (795 °C, 1463 °F)
Boiling point	3716 K (3443 °C, 6229 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	6.770 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.55 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	5.46 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.94 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.12
Atomic radius	empirical: 181.8 pm
Covalent radius	204±9 pm
	Spectral lines of సీరియం
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	2100 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (γ, poly) 6.3 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity	11.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (β, poly) 828 n Ω⋅m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	(γ form) 33.6 GPa
Shear modulus	(γ form) 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	(γ form) 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	(γ form) 0.24
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	270 MPa
Brinell hardness	412 MPa
CAS Number	7440-45-1
History
Naming	after dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
Discovery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1839)
Isotopes of సీరియం v; e;
	Template:infobox సీరియం isotopes does not exist
	Category: సీరియం; view; talk; edit; \| references

References

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Cerium". CIAAW. 1995.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
↑ Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Cerium". CIAAW. 1995.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[3] Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST

[magnet-4] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

[5] Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST

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