బంగారం, 00Au
బంగారం
Appearancemetallic yellow
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Au)
బంగారం in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Ag

Au

Rg
ప్లాటినంబంగారంపాదరసం
Groupమూస:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Periodperiod 6
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1337.33 K ​(1064.18 °C, ​1947.52 °F)
Boiling point3129 K ​(2856 °C, ​5173 °F)
Density (near r.t.)19.30 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)17.31 g/cm3
Heat of fusion12.55 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization324 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.418 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1646 1814 2021 2281 2620 3078
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−3, −2, −1, 0,[3] +1, +2, +3, +5 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.54
Atomic radiusempirical: 144 pm
Covalent radius136±6 pm
Van der Waals radius166 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of బంగారం
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structureface centered cubic
Speed of sound thin rod2030 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion14.2 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity318 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity22.14 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[4]
Young's modulus79 GPa
Shear modulus27 GPa
Bulk modulus180[ఆధారం చూపాలి] GPa
Poisson ratio0.44
Mohs hardness2.5
Vickers hardness216 MPa
Brinell hardness25 HB = ?? MPa
CAS Number7440-57-5
History
DiscoveryMiddle Easterns (before 6000 BC)
Symbol"Au": from Latin aurum
Isotopes of బంగారం
Template:infobox బంగారం isotopes does not exist
 Category: బంగారం
| references

References

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Gold". CIAAW. 2017.
  2. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in ఇంగ్లీష్). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. Mézaille, Nicolas; Avarvari, Narcis; Maigrot, Nicole; Ricard, Louis; Mathey, François; Le Floch, Pascal; Cataldo, Laurent; Berclaz, Théo; Geoffroy, Michel (1999). "Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10556900.
  4. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.


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